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chapter 12-
Cardiovascular
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Myocardial Infarction (MI): | commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when there is a sudden blockage of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle (myocardium). |
| Hypertension: | Referred to as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition where the force of blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently elevated |
| Heart Failure (HF): | also known as congestive heart failure (CHF), is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively to meet the body’s needs. |
| Vasoconstriction: | is the process by which blood vessels narrow due to the contraction of smooth muscle in their walls. |
| Vasodilation: | is the process by which blood vessels widen due to the relaxation of smooth muscle in their walls. |
| Diuretic: | is a type of medication or substance that promotes the increased production and excretion of urine. |
| Dysgeusia: | Altered sense of taste |
| Angina: | is a type of chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle doesn’t receive enough oxygen-rich blood |
| Arrhythmia: | is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal rhythm or rate of the heartbeat. |
| Anticoagulants: | are drugs that in some way interfere with coagulation |
| Hemostasis: | is a normal mechanism in the body that is designed to prevent the loss of blood after injury to a blood vessel |
| Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) | suffix -Pril |
| Calcium Channel Block Agents: | suffix -dipine |
| B- Adrenergic Blocking Agents (BB) | suffix - olol |
| Statins: | suffix - statins |
| LDL: | Bad Cholesterol |
| HDL | Good Cholesterol |
| Dyslipidemias | abnormal amounts of lipids (fats), such as cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood |
| Flushing | temporary, reddening or warming of the skin. Usually in the face, neck or chest area |
| Pruritus | medical term for itching |
| Bradycardia | Slow heart rate |
| Tachycardia | Rapid heart rate |
| Prolong QT | an irregular heart rhythm. Patients that take drugs that prolong the QT interval need periodic ECGs and need to be careful with tachycardia. |
| Drugs: classification | Indication |
| furosemide (Lasix)- LOOP Diuretic | Edema |
| Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) (Microzide)- Thiazide Diuretic | Edema |
| spironolactone (Aldactone) - Potassium-Sparing Diuretic | Edema/ Congestive Heart Failure |
| quinidine- Sodium Channel Blockers | Arrhythmias |
| lisinopril (Zestril, Prinivil)- ACEIs | Hypertension |
| losartan(Cozaar) - ARBs | Hypertension |
| verapamil (Calan)- CCB | Arrhythmias |
| amlodipine (Norvasc)- CCB | Angina/Hypertension |
| nifedipine (Procardia)- CCB | Angina/Hypertension |
| atenolol (Tenormin) - BB – B1 selective | Arrhythmias |
| metoprolol (Lopressor) - BB – B1 selective | Arrhythmias |
| nadolol (Corgard)- BB – nonselective | Angina/Hypertension |
| propranolol (Inderal)- BB – nonselective | Angina/Hypertension/ Arrhythmias |
| doxazosin (Cardura)- Alpha -1 blocker | Hypertension |
| digoxin (Lanoxin)- Cardiac Glycoside | Heart Failure/ Arrhythmias |
| nitroglycerin (NitroStat, Sublingual)- Antianginal Drugs | Angina Pectoris |
| warfarin (Coumadin)- Anticoagulants | Blood thinning |
| clopidogrel (Plavix)- Anticoagulants | Blood thinning |
| apixaban (Eliquis)- Anticoagulants | Blood thinning |
| atorvastatin (Lipitor)- Antihyperlipidemic Agents /Statin drugs | cholesterol |
| simvastatin (Zocar)- Antihyperlipidemic Agents /Statin drugs | cholesterol |
| lovastatin (Mevacor, Altoprev)- Antihyperlipidemic Agents /Statin drugs | cholesterol |
| niacin (Niaspan)- Antihyperlipidemic Agents | cholesterol |
| sildenafil (Viagra) - PDE 5 Inhibitors | ED |
| tadalafil (Cialis) - PDE 5 Inhibitors | ED |
Created by:
espinash