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Module 2
Anatomy & Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the selectively permeable membrane made of phospholipids and proteins surrounding the entire cell? | Plasama Membrane |
| What is a large, speherical body near the center of the cell containing genetic material in the form of DNA? | Nucleus |
| Which cell component has a elongated, rod-shaped bodies filled with fluids, containing DNA is called? | Mitochondria |
| What is a four to six flattened membranous sacs, connected to the endoplasmic reticulum? | Golgi Apparatus |
| Which of the following cell organelles is responsible for transporting materials throughout the cell? | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| What gel-like fluid filling the inside of the cell that is comprised primarily of water, with electrolytes, metabolic waste products, and nutrients dissolved within it? | Cytoplasm |
| What has a dark, dense body within the nucleus without an enclosing membrane; most cells contain one to four and forms RNAs and ribosomes? | Nucleolus |
| What is known as the “power plant” of the cell? | Mitochondria |
| Has a double-layered, porous membrane surrounding the nucleus and protects the nucleus, allowing in only specific materials? | Nuclear Membrane |
| Control center of the cell, regulates cell activity and houses genetic material? | Nucleus |
| What separates the internal components of the cell from the surrounding environment and essential to the life of the cell? | Plasma Membrane |
| What can function as suspended organelles, or cell structures and medium for chemical reactions? | Cytoplasm |
| What can convert nutrients into energy for use by the cell/body; create adenosine triphosphate (ATP)? | Mitochondria |
| Small granules of RNA found in the nucleolus or cytoplasm and protein synthesis for both internal and external use? | Ribosomes |
| What complex connection of membranous fluid-filled, flat sacs and tubular channels? And also connects the cell membrane to the nucleous membrane, as well as some organelles? | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| This cell component is typically found near the nucleus and is known as the "Packaging and shipping" of the cell? | Golgi Apparatus |
| What sacs surrounded by membranes created by the Golgi apparatus and digest waste materials including damaged materials found in the cell, old cell components, and materials entering the cell? | Lysosomes |
| What comprised of protein microfilaments and microtubules that maintains the shape and structure of the cell? And keeps organelles in place and moves them throughout the cell as needed? | Cytoskeleton |
| What is the pair of rod-shaped bodies made of microtubules found near the nucleus and participate in cell reproduction through the distribution of DNA to new cells | Centrioles |
| What is the short, hair-like microtubules projecting from the cell membrane and aid in the movement of substances along the surface of the cell? | Cilia |
| What is a long, hair-like microtubules, projecting from the cell membrane and move the cell itself, through a whip-like motion? | Flagella |
| What is the abbreviations for RER? | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| What is the abbreviations for SER? | Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| Which endoplasmic reticulum supports the systhesis and transport of proteins? | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) |
| Which endoplasmic reticulum supporrs the synthesis of some lipid molecules, including steroids? | Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) |
| What packages and releases materials secreted by the cell for external use that forms lysosomes for use within the cell? | Golgi Apparatus |
| What are the three main planes of the body? | Sagittal plane, Transverse Plane, and Frontal Plane |
| What divides the body into left and right sides? | Sagittal Plane |
| What divides the body into upper and lower sections and not necessarily equally? | Transverse Plan Ex: think of an magician doing their classic magic trick where they cut the upper part of person's body and the lower part of the person body! |
| What is also called the coronal plane, divides the body into anterior and posterior sections? | Frontal Plane |
| What is another name for sagittal plane with the exact same meaning? | Midsagittal |
| Where is the midline on the body? | imaginary vertical line running from the top of the head, through the nose, belly button, and between the legs dividing the body into equal left and right halves. It can also be called sagittal plane and midsagittal plane. |
| Where is the posterior of the body? | Towards the back or rear of the body. This is a group of muscles on the back of the body, including the glutes, hamstrings, and back muscles, vital for posture and movement. |
| Where is the anterior of the body? | toward the front of the body, from the Latin ante, meaning "before." It's the front surface, essentially everything facing foward, like your face, chest, abdomen and kneecaps. |
| Where is the coronal (co-ro-null) of the body? | Imagine a pane of glass placed vertically through your body, splitting you down the middle from ear to ear, separating your face from your nose, or your chest from your back; that's the coronal plane. |
| Where is the superior part of the body? | Toward the head or the upper part of a structure. And example is the heart is superior to the stomach. |
| What is the inferior part of the body? | Away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure. And a example is the feet are inferior to the hips. |
| What is the lateral part of the body? | away from the midline of the body. Our ears are lateral to your nose. Your arms are lateral to your chest. The little toe is on the lateral side of the foot. |
| What is the medial part of the body? | towards the midline of the body. heart is medial to the lungs; the big toe is medial to the little toe. |
| The human body has how many cavities? | Division of 5 cavities |
| What cavity within the skull houses the meninges (brain)? | Cranial cavity |
| What travels down the midline of the back and formed by the vertebrea which cotains the spinal cord? | Spinal Cavity |
| What cavity within the chest houses the lungs, hearts, and major vessels? | Thoractic Cavity |
| What cavity within the abdomen houses several major organs such as the stomach, liver, gallbladder, and intestines? | Abdominal Cavity |
| What is inferior the abdominal cavity that houses the bladder and reproductive organs? | Pelvic Cavity |
| The abdomen is divided into how many body quadrants? And what is the names of the quadrants in the abdomen in order starting clockwise? | The abdomen can be divided into four quadrants. The name of the quadrants starting clockwise right lower quadrant, right upper quadrants, left upper quadrants and left lower quadrant. |
| The abdomen is divided into how many body regions? What is the names of the regions in the abdomen in order | The abdomen is divided into 9 regions. The right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, are right lumbar, umbilical region, left lumbar region, right iliac region, hypogastric region, and left iliac region. |
| When body systems perform efficiently, the body achieves what exactly? The results can be minor to significant, from a headache to a organ failure. | homeostasis |
| What is the integumentary system? | your body's outermost layer, composed of the skin, hair, nails, and glands, acting as a vital protective barrier against injury, infection, and UV radiation while also regulating temperature, sensation (touch, pain, heat), and producing Vitamin D |
| What is the outermost layer of epithelial tissue, covers the external surface of the bod? | Epidermis layer |
| What is the thick layer beneath the epidermis that contains arteries, veins, nerves? | Dermis layer |
| What is the loose, connective tissue composed of adipose tissue and lipocytes? | Subcutaneous layer |
| What generates hair? | Hair follicles |
| What produce sebum to keep skin and hair soft and prevent bacteria from growing on the skin? | Sebaceous (oil) glands |
| What protect the ends of fingers and toes? | Fingernails and toenails |
| What produce sweat to aid in cooling the body? | Sudoriferous (sweat) glands |
| What is the largest organ of the body? | Skin |
| What does the skin protects? | The skin is usually the first defense against illness and injury. And it also protects the the internal structure from dehydration and UV exposure |
| What skin function is when a person is hot or cold, superficial blood vessels in the skin dilate or constrict to control the flow of blood to the surface of the skin, aiding in warming or cooling? | Temperature regulation |
| What function aids in cooling the body but also results in the loss of water and minerals? | Excretion |
| When the skin is loaded with nerver receptors to detect from heat cold and pain is what type of function? | Sensation |
| What function the body needs to absorb calcium, needed for bone strength and needs the sunlight to for the skin? | Vitamin D production |
| What is towards the left side of the body? | sinistrad |
Created by:
Kentress