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Meteorlogy tools
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| thermometer | used to measure temperature |
| Hygrometer | measures the amount of water vapor in the air, also known as relative humidity. |
| Sling psychrometer | used to measure relative humidity and dew point by swinging two thermometers—a dry bulb and a wet bulb—through the air. |
| anemometer | device that measures wind speed and and pressure |
| barometer | measures air pressure or atmospheric pressure |
| Visible satellite imagary | can only be viewed during the day, since clouds reflect the light from the sun. On these images, clouds show up as white, the ground is normally grey, and water is dark. Satellite will see the thunderstorm when it's in it's early stages |
| Infrared satellite imagery | show clouds in both day and night. Instead of using sunlight to reflect off of clouds, the clouds are identified by satellite sensors that measure heat radiating off of them. The sensors also measure heat radiating off the surface of the earth |
| Water vapor satellite imagery | indicate how much moisture is present in the upper atmospherehe highest humidities will be the whitest areas while dry regions will be dark. Water vapor imagery is useful for indicating where heavy rain is possible. |
| Radiosonde | it measures pressure, temperature, and relative humidity. These sensors are linked to a battery-powered radio tracker. When trackeb by gps, it can also measure wind speed and direction |
| Rawinsonde | weather balloon-borne instrument package that measures atmospheric data, including temperature, pressure, and humidity, and is tracked by radio or radar to determine wind speed and direction aloft |
| Doppler radar | measures the velocity of targets by analyzing the Doppler shift in the returned radio waves. It works by bouncing a microwave signal off a target and measuring how the frequency of the reflected signal changes due to the target's motion. |
| Wind profilers | ground-based Doppler radars that use radio waves to measure wind speed and direction at different altitudes, providing weather data for forecasting and research |
| Rain gauge | mesures precipitation |
| Snowboard | mesures snow accumilation |
| meteogram | A graphical depiction of trends in meteorological variables such as temperature, dew point, wind speed and direction, pressure, etc. |
| radiosonde sounding | a process in which a small, expendable instrument package called a radiosonde is carried into the atmosphere (usually by a weather balloon) to measure and transmit real-time data on vertical atmospheric conditions |
| Station model | A station model is a graphical representation of current weather conditions at a specific location, used to create weather maps. Is basically just all of the weather points or things happening that determine weather. |
| METAR observations | standardized, encoded reports of weather conditions at an airport or aerodrome, used primarily for aviation purposes. They provide crucial data on elements like wind, visibility, present weather, cloud cover, temperature, and barometric pressure, per hour |
| Isobars | connect equal points of air pressure |
| Iso therm | connect equal points of temp |
| isohyet | connects points of precipitation or particular storm |
| Squall line | group of storms arranged in a line |
| Heat dome | A heat dome is a persistent area of high pressure that traps hot air, similar to a lid on a pot. This air mass creates prolonged, multi-day heat waves with clear skies and sometimes dangerous temp. |
| What's not true about heat domes | due to low atmospheric pressure |
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