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process risk
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| risk assessment process step 1 ID hazard | Find potential harm sources with methods like HAZOP: review deviations-high flow in pipe line or bow tie analysis- maps threats (corrosion) to consequence (tank rupture) |
| step 2 who might be harmed | define affected groups: Workers: toxic exposure during maintenance. Public: Gas cloud dispersion near site. |
| step 3 evaluate risk and implement control | use tools like matrix risk: likely hood over risk. or LOPA quantifies safeguards(relief valve < risk x10) hierarchy of hazard controls. |
| Step 4 Record significant findings. | document risk and control Risk register: track high risk items(HF release controlled by scrubber) safety reports- legal requirement for hazard site. |
| Step 5 Review and Update | update assessments after- incidents (gaps in corrosion monitoring) Regulatory changes: revised OSHA PSM amendments. |
| applying risk management tool 1 concept phase | A structured team exercise to spot potential hazards early. brainstorm risks- toxic release during chem transport. |
| what is a what it scenario? | challenges assumptions by asking what if? Tests design safety- what if emergency shut down fails? Output- guidelines COMAH safety reports |
| 2 design phase HAZOPS | systematically examines process deviation. Purpose- finds unsafe scrnarios. UK practice independent facilitators lead studies (HSG 48) |
| bowtie analysis | visualise risks, controls and consequences maps threats- corrosion to safeguards- inspections. required for uk offshore safety cases (OSDR 2015) |
| what is ETA Event Tree Analysis | predicts incident escalation paths. quantifies outcomes- chance of ignition after gas leak. proves ALARP compliance for HSE |
| FMEA - failure modes and effects analysis | identifies equipment failure impacts Rates failures - pump seal leak > fire UK example- used ammonia terminal valves (PSSR) |
| why ALARP matters |