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Intro. to Elect 05

CO1_Introduction to Electricity - Electric Potential & Potential Energy - #5

QuestionAnswer
Electric Potential Energy (Definition) Energy a charge has due to its position in an electric field.
Work and Electric Potential Energy Work done by the electric field decreases potential energy.
Electric Potential (Definition) Potential energy per unit charge; measured in volts (V).
Relation Between Potential and Energy V = U/q, where U is potential energy and q is charge.
Electric Potential Difference (Voltage) Work done per unit charge to move a charge between two points.
Zero Reference for Potential Potential is defined relative to a chosen zero point, often at infinity.
Potential of a Point Charge V = kQ/r, decreasing as distance from the charge increases.
Sign of Electric Potential Positive for positive charges, negative for negative charges.
Electric Field and Potential Relationship Electric field points in the direction of decreasing potential.
Equipotential Surface (Definition) A surface where electric potential is the same everywhere.
Movement on Equipotential Surfaces No work is done when moving along an equipotential surface.
Equipotential and Electric Field Orientation Electric field lines are always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.
Potential of Multiple Charges Total potential is the algebraic sum of potentials from each charge.
Potential of Continuous Charge Distributions Found by integrating dV = k dq/r over the distribution.
Potential Energy of Two Point Charges U = k q₁ q₂ / r, positive for like charges and negative for opposites.
 

 



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