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Intro. to Elect 02

CO1_Introduction to Electricity - Electric Field Fundamentals - #2

QuestionAnswer
Electric Field (Definition) A region of space where a charged particle experiences an electric force.
Electric Field Formula (Point Charge) E = kQ/r², directed away from +Q and toward −Q.
Electric Field as a Vector Electric field has both magnitude and direction.
Field Lines (Meaning) Imaginary lines showing the direction of the electric field at each point.
Field Line Density Closer lines indicate stronger electric field magnitude.
Direction of Field Lines Away from positive charges, toward negative charges.
Superposition Principle (Electric Fields) The net electric field is the vector sum of fields from all charges.
Electric Field of a Single Positive Charge Radially outward in all directions.
Electric Field of a Single Negative Charge Radially inward in all directions.
Electric Dipole (Definition) Two equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance.
Dipole Axis The line connecting the positive and negative charges of a dipole.
Electric Field of a Dipole (Far Away) E is proportional to 1/r³, decreasing faster than a single charge.
Dipole Orientation Effect Field strength depends on the angle between dipole axis and observation point.
Dipole Near-Field Pattern Strong near the charges, with curved field lines connecting + to −.
Electric Field Direction (Dipole) Points from positive charge toward negative charge along field lines.
 

 



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