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Musculoskeletal
| CATEGORY | GENERIC | BRAND | CLASS | INDICATIONS | SIDE EFFECTS | US WARNINGS | OTHER NOTES |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpha2 agonist | Tizanidine (PO) | Zanaflex | Spasticity | Drowsiness, hypotension, dizziness, xerostomia, weakness | |||
| Aminoquinolone | Hydroxychloroquine (PO) | Plaquenil | RA, SLE, malaria | Retinal toxicity, rash, diarrhea | long-term use has been associated with cardiomyopathy, bone marrow suppression, QT prolongation, and neuromuscular effects (ie. myopathy, paksies, and progressive weakness) | ||
| NSAID | Diclofenac (topical) | Voltaren Gel | OTC | OA | Pruritus, rash | ||
| NSAID | Diclofenac (PO) | Voltaren | OA, RA, acute pain | Diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | May increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding and perforation | May reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis) | |
| NSAID | Ibuprofen (PO) | Motrin, advil | OTC | OA, RA, acute pain | Diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | May increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding and perforation | May reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis) |
| NSAID | Meloxicam (PO) | Mobic | OA, RA, acute pain | Diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | May increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding and perforation | May reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis) | |
| NSAID | Indomethacin (PO) | Indocin | OA, RA, acute pain, gout | Diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | May increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding and perforation | May reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis) | |
| NSAID | Naproxen (PO) | Naprosyn, anaprox, aleve | OTC | OA, RA, acute pain, gout | Diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | May increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding and perforation | May reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis) |
| NSAID | Ketorolac (PO, IV) | Toradol | Pain | Diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | Indicated for short term use (<5 days) | May reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis) | |
| NSAID, COX-2 selective | Celecoxib (PO) | Celebrex | OA, RA, acute pain | Diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | May increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding and perforation | May reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis) | |
| Skeletal muscle relaxant | Cyclobenzaprine (PO) | Flexeril, amrix, fexmid | Muscle spasm | Drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, fatigue | Use may cause prolonged cardiac arrhythmias, and tachycardia; Cl within 14 days of MAOI therapy | ||
| Skeletal muscle relaxant | Baclofen (PO) | --- | Spasticity | Drowsiness | |||
| skeletal muscle relaxant | Methocarbamol (PO) | Robaxin | Muscle spasm | Drowsiness | |||
| Transdermal: topical analgesic IV: antiarrythmic | Lidocaine (transdermal, IV) | Transdermal: Lidoderm IV: Xylocaine | Transdermal: OTC | Transdermal: pain IV: ventricular arrhythmias | Dermatitis, erythema, urticaria, skin depigmentation, skin edema (IV: bradycardia) | Patch may remain in place for up to 12 hours in any 24 hour period, patch may be cut | |
| Antigout agent | Colchicine (PO) | Colcrys | Gout | Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, myopathy (including rhabdomyolysis) | |||
| Xanthine oxidase inhibitor | Allopurinol (PO) | Zyloprim | Gout | Diarrhea, nausea, rash, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia | rare association with severe (and potentially fatal) allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome (risk highest in certain Asian populations) | ||
| Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent | succinylcholine (IV) | Anectine | Neuromuscular blockade for intubation or procedures | Hyperkalemia, myalgia, malignant hyperthermia (rare) | Acute thabdomyolysis and hyoerkalemia leading to cardiac arrest and death in pediatric patients with undiagnosed skeletal muscle disease | ||
| Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor | Etanercept (SQ) | Enbrel | RA | Infection, injection site reaction, headache, nausea | Serious infections, malignancies such as lymphoma | ||
| Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor | Adalimumab (SQ) | Humira | RA, crohn's disease, ulceratice colitis | Infection, injection site reaction, headache, nausea | Serious infections, malignancies such as lymphoma |