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ELA FINAL
Poetry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Epistrophe | The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive lines or cleuses. |
| Anaphora | The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive lines and clauses. |
| Quatrain | A four-line stanza. |
| Refrain | A repeated line or group of lines in a poem or song, often at the end of a stanza. |
| Extended metaphor | A metaphor that continues throughout a poem or literary work. |
| irony | A contrast between what is expected and what actually occurs. |
| Consonance | The repetition of consonant sounds within or at the end of words in a line. |
| Couplet | Two consecutive lines of poetry that usually rhyme and have the same meter. |
| Personification | Giving human characteristics to non-human things or ideas. |
| Elegy | A poem written to mourn or reflect on the death of someone or something. |
| Alliteration | The repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of words in a line. |
| Internal rhyme | A figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using “like” or “as”. |
| Metaphor | A mashal |
| Balled | A narrative poem that tells a story, often set to music or song. |
| Apostrophe | A figure of speech where the speaker addresses someone absent, dead, or not human. |
| Caesura | A pause or break within a line of poetry, usually indicated by punctuation. |
| Juxtaposition | The placement of two contrasting ideas or elements close together for effect. |
| Inversion | The reversal of the usual word order in a sentence or line of poetry. |
| Perfect Rhyme | A rhyme in which the stressed syllables and all following sounds are identical. |
| Slant Rhyme | A rhyme in which the sounds are similar but not identical. |
| End stop | A line of poetry that ends with punctuation, creating a pause |
| Stanza | A grouped set of lines in a poem, usually separated by a space from other stanzas. |
| Octave | An 8 line stanza or section of a poem. |
| Assonance | the repetition of vowel sounds in nearby words. |
| Epistrophe | the repetition of a phrase at the end of a line |
| Enjambant | No punctuation |
| Transcendentalism: | based on the belief that the natural world transcends, or is superior to, the material world |
| Occasional poem: | written for a specific occasion |
| Lyrical Poem: | A lyrical poem expresses personal emotions or feelings, typically spoken in the first person |
| Ode | : A formal, often ceremonious lyric poem that address and praises a person, place, thing, or event |
| Hymn - | a religious song of praise, typically sung in worship. |
| Hyperbole | An exaggeration used for emphasis or dramatic effect, not meant to be taken literally. |
| Repetition | The intentional reuse of words, phrases, or sounds to emphasize an idea or create rhythm. |
| Symbolism | When an object, image, or action represents something deeper or abstract beyond its literal meaning. |
| Onomatopoeia - | Words that imitate sounds. |
| Paradox . | - A statement that seems contradictory but reveals a truth |
| Blank verse: | unrhymed iambic pentameter |
| Unrhymed iambic pentameter - | Poetry with 10 syllables per line, a da-DUM rhythm, and no rhyme. |
| Imagery | - Descriptive language that appeals to the senses |
| Stanza- | a group of lines in a poem |
| Rhyme scheme- | specifically for end rhyme |
| Meter- | beat/pattern |
| Foot- | one unit of beats |
| Iamb | - type of foot |
| 6 lines- | sestet |
| 4 lines- | quatrain |
| 3 lines- | tercet |
| Simile | The comparison of two unlike things with similar qualities using "like" or "as" |
| Drama | A literary form written to be preformed by actors rather than read as narration |
| Staging | How actors, props, movement, and space are arranged on stage |
| Dialogue | Spoken lines between character that reveal character, conflict, motivation, and theme |
| what is the genre of 12 angry men | drama |
| Who wrote 12 angry men | Reginald rose |
| Stage directions | instructions describing movement, tone, gestures, and setting |
| Exposition in 12 angry men | jury enters the deliberation room; case is introduced |
| inciting incident in 12 angry men | juror 8 calls for discussion and a preliminary vote |
| Rising. action in 12 angry men | Evidence is questioned; testimonies are re examined |
| Dramatic. climax in 12 angry men | the moment when key evidence and witness credibility collapse, shifting the jury's thinking |
| Falling action in 12 angry men | Jurors abandon guilty votes and reasonable doubt grows |
| resolution in 12 angry men | a unanimous vote of not guilty reached |
| verdict | the jury's final decision |
| Foreman | the juror who leads discussion and communicated the verdict |
| Acquit | to declare a defendant not guilty |
| reasonable doubt | logical uncertainty. that prevents a guilty verdict |
| innocent until proven guilty | Legal principle requiring proof before punishment |
| Deliberate | to discuss evidence carefully before reaching a discussion |
| Hung jury | A jury unable to reach a unanimous verdict |
| Burden of proof | responsibility of the prosecution to prove guilt |
| Staging reveals the setting | the single, enclosed jury room emphasizes confinement and pressure |
| Stating reveals mood | heat proximity, and limited movement create tension and frustration |
| mood | the emotional atmosphere felt by the audience (tense, claustrophobic) |
| Tone | The playwright's attitude toward the subject (serius, critical) |
| Protagonist | The central director who drives the action forward (juror 8 ) |
| Antagonist | The character of force opposing the protagonist (juror 3 and systemic prejudice) |
| Direct characterization | Explicit statement about character (limited in drama) |
| indirect characterization | revealed through dialogue, actions, and reactions |
| director motivations | the reason behind a character's actions (personal bias, anger, justice, fear) |
| stereotype | an oversimplified belief about a group; used in the play to expose prejudice and faulty reasoning |
| Archetype | a very typical example of a certain person or thing |
| Dynamic character | a character that changes (juror 3, others who confront bias) |
| Static character | a character who remains mostly unchanges=d |
| Themes. of 12 angry men | 1) A universal message about human behavior or society 2) justice and fairness require careful thought and moral courage 3) intolerance and prejudice distort truth and justice 4) courage means standing alone against groupthink |
| genre purpose of lord of the flies | genre: allegory purpose: Symbol --> an object or charector representing an abstract idea (the conch, the beast, fire) |
| Allegory | a story with character and events that symbolize larger moral or philosophical ideas |
| internal conflict | struggling within a charector between morality and savagery |
| external conflict | struggling between characters or posing forces |
| Protagonist in the lord of the flies | Ralph (order, reason, civilization) |
| Antagonist in the lord of the flies | Jack (power, savagery, control) |
| Themes of lord of the flies | 1)The presence of evil within human nature 2) the danger of abandoning reason and moral responsibility 3) the consequences of following the group instead of seeking truth |
| rhythm | the pattern f stressed and unstressed syllables |
| iambic pentameter | 5 iambs p |
| scansion | the analysis of meter |
| Thesis statement | a clear, arguable claim that answers there prompt followed by one reason for every body paragraph followed by a stong thesis takes a position , in spacific, and can be supported with evidence |
| Body paragraph structure | 1) thesis statement 2) supporting idea 1 3) supporting idea 2 4) supporting idea 3 5) concluding sentence |
| Topic sentence: | introduces the topic and paragraphs main idea (reason 1) |
| Supporting idea 1: | a reason that supports the thesis , textual evidence 1 (a quotation or paraphrase, analysis 1 : explanation of how the evidence proves the claim |
| Supporting idea 2: | textual evidence 2, analysis 2 |
| Supporting idea 3: | textual evidence 3, analysis 3 |
| Concluding sentence | sums up main ideas of paragraph and ties back to the thesis (main argument) |
| NOTE: you shouldn't use more than 1 paraphrase per body paragraph | NOTE: you shouldn't use more than 1 paraphrase per body paragraph |
| Parallel structure | using the same grammatical for for related ideas Example: the jurors must be fair, be logical, be unbiased |
| MLA parenthetical citations for drama | "I'm not trying to change your mind. it's just that we're talking about somebody's life here. I mean, we can't decide in five minutes. suppose we're wrong?" (Rose 1, 12) |
| MLA parenthetical citations for poem | "Because I could not stop for death - / He kindly stopped for me - " (Dickinson 1-2) if authors name is in the sentence : Dickinson writes, "because I could not stop for death - / He kindly stopped for me - " (1 - 2) |
| Connection between texts: Evil vs. good #1 | 1) Evil is shown through not thinking independently, surrendering to prejudice, avoiding truth, and. choosing what is easy over what is right |
| Connection between texts: Evil vs. good #2 | 2) Good is shown through moral courage, standing alone against the group, seeking truth, fairness, justice, and doing what is right even when uncomfortable |
| Connection between texts: Evil vs. good #3 | across 12 angry men, lord of the flies and other works studied, directors reveal how individual choices determine whether society moves toward justice or destruction |
| Prosecutor | the district attorney who tries to prove the guilt of the defendant |
| Defense counsel | the lawyer who represents the defendant and tries to prove innocence |
| convict | to find the defendant guilty of the crime |
| the fifth amendment | a fundamental principle of law which states that a person cannot be forced to testify against himself in a court of law |
| Double jeopardy | Thinking Double jeopardy is a legal principle that prohibits a person from being tried or punished more than once for the same offense. In the U.S., this Fifth Amendment protection prevents the government from harassing individuals with repeated prosecut |
| Exposition: | the part of a story that introduces the characters, setting, and background information. |
Created by:
ZC1234