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Chapter 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Evolution | meaning to change over time |
| Gene | Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a particular trait |
| Mutations | are changes in DNA |
| Genetic drift | having an unexpected natural disasters of being separated or killed from their original home |
| Natural Selection | the process by which traits that improve an organisms chances for survival and reproduction are passed on more frequently to future generations than those that do not. |
| Fitness | meaning reproductively successful an organism is in its environment |
| Adaptation | Meaning a heritable trait that increase an individuals's fitness |
| Artificial selection | the process of selection conducted under human direction |
| Speciation | The process by which new species are generated |
| Extinction | Meaning the species that ever lived are gone/extinct |
| Niche | its use of resources and its functional role in a community |
| Tolerance | Is the ability to survive and reproduce under changing environmental conditions |
| Coevolution | is the process of which two species evolve in response to changes in each other |
| Parasitism | is the relationship in which one organisms the parasite, depends on another, the host is harmed |
| Symbiosis | long-lasting and physically close relationship in which at least one organisms benefits |
| Herbivory | The interactions in which an animal feeds on a plant |
| mutualisms | A relationships in which two or more species benefit |
| commensalism | is a relationship in which one species benefit and the other one is unaffected |
| Primary producers | is a plant that captures energy from the sun or from chemicals and store it in the bonds of sugars, making energy available to the rest of the community |
| Photosynthesis | is the process by which primary producers use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar, releasing oxygen along the way |
| Chemosynthesis | to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars in a process |
| consumers | organisms that relay on other organisms for energy or nutrients |
| Cellular respiration | is the process by which organisms use oxygen to release the chemical energy of sugars like glucose |
| herbivores | are organisms that consume producers |
| Carnivores | are consumers that eat/kill other animals |
| Omnivores | are animals that eat both plants and animals |
| Detritivores | an organisms that feeds on the dead and decomposing organic matter |
| Decomposers | are break down nonliving matter into simpler things parts that can then be taken up and reused by primary producers |
| Trophic level | is a rank feeding hierachy |
| Biomass | is the total amount of living tissues it contains |
| food chain | is a linear series of feeding relationships |
| food web | is a visual map of feeding relationships and energy flow, showing the many paths by which energy and nutrients pass among organisms as they consume one another |
| Keystone species | Is a species that has strong or wide-reaching impact on a community |
| Succession | is a community experiences a somewhat predictable series of changes over time |
| Primary succession | Is when a new patch of land is created or exposed for the first time. |
| Pioneer species | Are species are well adapted for colonization |
| Secondary succussion | Are primary succussion, begins when a disturbance such as a fire, logging , or farming |
| Invasive Species | is a nonnative organisms that spreads widely in a community |
| Resource Partitioning | when different organisms within one ecosystem split up an area so that they will not compete for the same resources and when those organisms have a special adaptation |
| Predation | is the process by which an individual of one species, a predator, hunts, captures, kills, and consumes an individuals of another species, the prey |
Created by:
roselynguzman