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cp 5 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| evolution | as a general term means " change over time" |
| gene | is a sequence of DNA that codes for a particular trait |
| mutations | are changes in DNA |
| genetic drift | biological evolution that occurs by chance is called.... |
| Natural selection | is the process by which traits that improve an organisms chances for survival and reproduction are passed more frequently to future generations than those that do not |
| fitness | describes how reproductively successful an organism is in its environment |
| adaption | a heritable trait that increases an individuals fitness is called an adaption |
| artificial selection | this process of selection conducted under human direction is termed .... |
| speciation | the process by which new species are generated is called.... |
| extinction | the disappearance of species from earth is called ..... |
| niche | describes its use of resources and its functional role in a community |
| tolerance | is the ability to survive and reproduce under changing environmental conditions |
| resource partitioning | because the species partition or divide the resource they use common by specializing in different ways |
| predation | is the process by which an individualof one species a predator hunts captures kills and consumes an individual of another species the prey |
| coevolution | is the process by which two species evolve in response to changes in each other |
| parasitism | is a relationship in which one organisms the parasite depends on another the host for nourishment or some other benefit |
| symbiosis | as a long lasting and physically close relationship ..... |
| herbivory | the interaction in which an animal feeds on a plant is called .... |
| mutualism | a relationship in which two or more species benefit is called ... |
| primary producers | organisms called autotrophs or ...... |
| photosynthesis | is the process by which primary producers use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar releasing oxygen along the way |
| chemosynthesis | instead primary producers such as bacteria use energy stored in the bonds of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar in a process called... |
| consumers | organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and nutrients are called heterotrophs or... |
| cellular respiration | is the process by which organisms use oxygen to release the chemical energy of sugars such as glucose releasing carbon dioxide and water as a byproduct |
| herbivores | most primary consumers such as deer and grasshoppers eat plants and are called.... |
| carnivores | most secondary and tertiary consumers kill and eat other animals and are called .. |
| omnivores | animals that eat both plant and animal food are called .. |
| Detritvores | such as millipedes and soil insects consume detritus nonliving organic matter include insects consume detritus nonliving organic matter including leaf waste products and dead bodies of other community members |
| decomposers | such as fungi and bacteria break down nonliving matter into simpler parts that can then be taken up and reused by primary producers |
| trophic level | is its rank in a feeding hierarchy |
| biomass | is the total amount of living tissue it contains |
| food chain | is a linear series of feeding relationships |
| food web | is a visual map of feeding relationships and energy flows showing the many paths by which energy and nutrients pass among organisms as they come=nsume on another |
| keystone species | a species that has strong or wide reaching impact on a community is called a ... |
| succession | when this occurs a community experiences a somewhat predictable series of changes over time that ecologist call .... |
| primary succession | when a disturbance is so severe that no vegetation or soil life remains .. |
| pioneer species | pioneer species are well adapted for colonization |
| secondary succession | unlike primary succession begins when a disturbance such as a fire logging or farming dramatically alters an existing community but does not destroy all living things or all organic matter in the soil |
| invasive species | is a nonnative organisms that spreads widely in a community |
Created by:
braulio12345