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Concepts II: Ch. 36

Administering Oral, Topical, & Mucosal Medications

Question/TermAnswer/Definition
Question: What do elixirs usually contain? Answer: Alcohol
Question: What are capsules usually made from? Answer: Gelatin; which can also contain pork
Routes of Medication Administration ‒Oral ‒Enteral Tube ‒Topical ‒Transdermal ‒Mucosal
Question: What are narcotic medications classified as? Answer: Controlled substances
Oral Route The method by which medications are taken through the mouth or oral mucous membrane (ex: sublingual: under the tongue; buccal: between gum & cheek)
Enteral Tube Route The nurse will prepare oral medications and administer them through the enteral tube; Tablets need to be crushed and mixed with 20 milliliters of water; Flush the tube between medications with 20 to 30 mL of water to clear the medicine out of the tube
Administration of medications to older adults and to children Older patient is more at risk for side effects and medication interactions; Children may be more resistant to swallowing
Topical Route Administered on the surface of the skin (ex: creams, gels, lotions, ointments)
Transdermal Route Applying a drug to the skin using a patch. The drug is absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream for a systemic effect
Mucosal Route ‒Eye ‒Ear ‒Eye & ear irrigations ‒Nasal ‒Vaginal ‒Rectal ‒Respiratory
Question: Which route of medication consists of a patch that is applied to the skin? Answer: Transdermal
Question: Nasal medications are an example of which route of medication administration? Answer: Mucosal
Nursing Responsibilities for Administering Oral, Topical, and Mucosal Medications 1. Assess patient 2. Check labs 3. Check allergies 4. Check time
Question: What is one way to prevent administration & documenting errors? Answer: Look up unfamiliar meds just in case the patient asks about it & to avoid med errors
If a med error occurs... ‒Put the patient first ‒Notify the prescriber and explain what happened ‒Carry out additional orders for assessing and monitoring the patient’s response ‒Complete an incident report
Created by: user-2012368
 

 



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