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Topic 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sultan | military and political leader of Seljuk Turks and the Ottomans |
| janissary | a soldier in the elite guard of the Ottomans |
| pasha | an official in the Ottoman Empire who collected taxes and maintained law |
| ulema | a group of religious scholars who served as advisors to the Ottoman sultan |
| grand vizier | the Ottoman sultan's chief minister who advised the sultan on non-religious matters and led council matters |
| artillery | cannons |
| Gunpowder empire | an empire formed by outside conquerors |
| Balkans | peninsula in southeastern Europe between the Adriatic, Ionian, Aegean, and Black seas |
| Anatolian Peninsula | peninsula that is present-day Turkey |
| harem | the private domain of the Ottoman sultan |
| shah | Persian word for king |
| anarchy | political disorder, lawlessness |
| orthodoxy | traditional beliefs, especially in religion |
| zamindar | a local official in Mogul India who received land in exchange for collecting taxes for the government |
| suttee | the Hindu custom of cremating a widow on her husband's funeral pyre |
| guru | spiritual teacher |
| martyr | someone killed for their faith |
| tributes | a payment from one government to another as a sign of respect or dependence |
| ruler of the Ottoman Empire at its height | Suleyman |
| founder of the Ottoman Empire | Osman |
| Mogul ruler who built the Taj Mahal | Shah Jahan |
| sultan of the Ottoman Empire when the Byzantine Empire was conquered | Mehmed II |
| founder of the Safavid Empire | Shah Esmail |
| founder of the Mogul Empire | Babur |
| brought most of India under Mogul rule by 1605 and is remembered for his religious tolerance | Akbar |
| Mogul rule who ended policies of religious tolerance for Hindus | Aurangzeb |
| ruler of the Ming dynasty that sent Zheng He on his expeditions | Yongle |
| ruled the Safavid Empire at its height | Shah Abbas |
| ruler of the Qing dynasty when it reached its greatest physical size | Qianlong |
| Qing ruler from 1661-1722 who restricted European trade but was tolerant of Christianity | Kangxi |
| capital of the Byzantine Empire | Constantinople |
| the Ottomans renamed the Byzantine capital to this | Istanbul |
| the Ottomans and Moguls practiced this type of Islam | Sunni |
| type of Islam practiced by the Safavid Empire | Shia |
| when a sultan died, this person usually took over the empire | his son |
| majority religion in India that the Islamic Mogul Empire came into conflict with | Hinduism |
| The Ottoman Empire began in this year | 1299 |
| The Safavid and Mogul Empires began around this time | early 1500s |
| Chinese dynasty that overthrew the Mongols | Ming |
| group that made up the Qing Dynasty in China | Manchus |
| biggest contribution in arts of the Ottomans was in this area | mosques |
| these two empires fought over land and religious differences | Ottoman and Safavid |
| also known as the Forbidden City, this was the palace complex of the Chinese emperor | Imperial City |
| Chinese admiral who explored the Indian Ocean basin | Zheng He |
| the Ming Dynasty lasted from: | 1368-1644 |
| the Qing Dynasty lasted from: | 1644-1911 |
| the Ottoman Empire collapsed in this year | 1922 |
| Constantinople was conquered in this year | 1453 |
Created by:
Mrs. Marquardt