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Soc Unit 1
Chapter 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| scientific method | a procedure involving the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses based on systematic observation, measurement, and expieriments |
| theory | an abstracted, systematic model of how some aspect of the world works |
| research methods | a standard of rules that social scientists follow when trying to establish a casual relationship between social elements |
| quantitative methods | seeks to obtain info about the social world that is in numeric form |
| qualitative methods | attempt to collect info about the social world that cannot be readily converted to numeric form |
| deductive approach | Theory, hypothesis, empirical observations, conclusion |
| inductive approach | empirical observation, theory, correlation or nah |
| correlation | when two variables tend to track each other positively or negatively |
| causation | idea that a change in one factor results in a corresponding change in another factor |
| reverse causality | when you think A causes B but its actually B causing A |
| dependent variable | outcome that a researcher is trying to explain |
| independent variable | measured factor that the researcher believes has a casual impact on the dependent variable. What you can change |
| hypothesis | proposed relationship between 2 variables, usually with a stated direction of positive, same, alternative or opposite, negative, null |
| operationalization | process of assigning a precise definition of measuring a concept being examined in a particular study |
| Validity | the extent to which an instrument measures what it is intended to measure (Are you testing what needs to be tested?) |
| reliability | the likelihood of obtaining consistent results using the same measure (Can you replicate?) |
| generalizibility | the extent to which we can claim our findings inform us about a group larder than the one we studied (Can you generalize to entire population?) |
| white coat effects | are those researchers that have on the very processes and relationships they are studying by virtue of being there |
| blind | participant don't know what they taking |
| double blind | participant and researcher don't know what's being given |
| reflexivity | means analyzing and critically considering our own role in, and effect on, our research |
| feminist methodology | women's experiences empirical and theoretical resources. Promote social science that could bring policy change |
| participant observation | qualitative research method that seeks to uncover the meanings people give their social actions by observing their behavior in practice. See them in practice without recognition of being observed |
| interviews | gather qualitative data, we learn how and why people do things by asking them about it |
| surveys | ordered services of questions intended to elicit information from respondents, quantitative |
| historical methods | collect data from written reports, news articles, journals, etc. Given snapshot of period of time |
| comparative research | methodology where researcher compares 2 or more entities with the intent of learning more about the factors that differ between them |
| content analysis | systematic analysis of the content rather than the structure of a communication |
| experimental methods | seeks to alter social landscape in a very specific way for a given sample of individuals and then track what results change |
| control group | nothing changes, original group |
| experimental group | who you use for the experiment |
| ethics of social research | set standards when conducting studies, guard against bias, have consent from people |
Created by:
omckenna52