Save
Upgrade to remove ads
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Grammar Chapter 11

The structure of adjective clauses

QuestionAnswer
How can adjective clauses function depending on whether or not they restrict the meaning of the nouns they modify? restrictive and nonrestrictive
What is the distinct internal structure or adjective clauses? They must begin with a relative pronoun. This is why they are often called relative clauses.
Relative pronouns have no meaning on their own. Where do they get meaning? They take it from the antecedents, which are the nouns from the main sentence that the adjective clauses modify
Do adjective clauses always immediately follow the antecedents? Not necessarily (sometimes there are short modifiers in between), but they usually do. It's ok as long as they're close and its clear which noun is the antecedent.
How is the pronoun that is used determined? By the nature of the antecedent. Human-> who, whom. nonhuman-> that. spatial->where. temporal->when.
Can "that" be used for humans? It is used informally about 30 to 40% of the time.
What links the adjective clause and the antecedent? The relative pronoun
What does the antecedent determine? The meaning of the relative pronoun and which one is being used.
What role does the relative pronoun play INSIDE the adjective clause? a normal pronoun role, unrelated to anything outside the adjective clause: it can be the subject of the clause, and object of the verb, object of a preposition, or a possessive noun that modifies a noun.
Distinctive characteristic of adjective clauses THEY BEGIN WITH A RELATIVE PRONOUN
How do all nonsubject relative pronouns get to the beginning of the adjective clause? We must move all nonsubject relative pronouns to the beginning of the adjective clause.
All adjective clauses start out as statements that use... the antecedent noun in some role within the adjective clause If the antecedent is not in the underlying adjective clause then the adjective clause would not be about the antecedent.
Process of converting underlying adjective clause to an actual adjective clause 1. Replace the antecedent with the appropriate relative pronoun 2. Move the relative pronoun to the first position in the adjective clause.
What does the first step of converting underlying adjective clause to an actual adjective clause have to factor? 1. The nature of the antecedent noun 2. The role of the antecedent noun inside the adjective clause.
What are the two roles that have more than one way of being realized? the objects of verbs and objects of prepositions. THE MOST IMPORTANT ARE OBJECTS OF VERBS
What is a third optional step for relative pronouns that DO NOT play the role of the subject? Delete the relative pronoun
Can you delete the relative pronoun when it is a possessive relative? NO
Is it common to delete nonsubject relative pronouns? In conversation, it is deleted 25% of the time.
What happens when the relative pronoun is deleted? The adjective clause is harder to recognize
The second are in which there is an option in how relative pronouns are used is... when the antecedent nouns play the role of an object of preposition
The process of converting underlying adjective clause to an actual adjective clause when it's an object of preposition 1. The same 2. You can move the relative pronoun to the first position of the adjective clause, you can move both the pronoun and the preposition that controls the pronoun. When speaking informally just move the pronoun. In formal you can move both
Which pronoun do you have to use with nonhuman antecedents when moving the preposition? WHICH
Can you delete the relative pronoun if you moved the preposition? NO
 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards