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diabetes meds

QuestionAnswer
Pioglitazone(Actos®) •Rosiglitazone(Avandia®) Thiazolidinediones
Increases tissue sensitivity reducing insulin resistance Thiazolidinediones MOA
Repaglinide (Gluconorm®) Meglitinides
metabolized by CYP450 high potential for drug-drug interactions stimulates the pancreatic beta cells to release insulin Meglitinides MOA
Acarbose(Glucobay®) Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
delays the absorption of carbohydrates, reduces peak plasma glucose levels, does not promote insulin secretion Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors MOA
Metformin(Glucophage®) Biguanides
Increases peripheral glucose uptake and Helps the body use sugar better reduces insulin resistance Slows glucose absorption Biguanides MOA
•Glyburide-Diabeta® •Gliclazide-Diamicron® •Glipizide •Glimepiride-Amaryl® Sulfonylureas
Stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells and decrease glycogenolysis, which is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose. Sulfonylureas MOA
Insulin Lispro (Humalog), Insulin Aspart (Novolog), Insulin Glulisine (Apidra) Rapid-acting insulin: Starts within 15 mins, peaks in 30-90 mins, lasts 3-5 hrs; for mealtime
(Humulin R, Novolin R) Short-Acting (Regular): Starts in 30 mins, peaks in 2-3 hrs, lasts 6-8 hrs; also for meals.
Long-Acting: Starts in 1-2 hrs, provides steady coverage for ~24 hrs Insulin Detemir (Levemir), Insulin Glargine (Lantus, Basaglar)
Alogliptin (Brand name: Nesina®) Linagliptin (Brand name: Tradjenta®) Saxagliptin (Brand name: Onglyza®) Sitagliptin (Brand name: Januvia®) Vildagliptin (Brand name: Galvus®) Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors
preventing the breakdown of incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP). Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors -liptin MOA
lower blood sugar by blocking glucose reabsorption in the kidney, forcing glucose to be excreted in urine. - Urinary tract infections are common Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors MOA
Canagliflozin(Invokana®) •Dapagliflozin(Forxiga®) •Empagliflozin(Jardiance®) Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors
Dulaglutide(Trulicity®)-onceweekly •Liraglutide(Victoza®)-oncedaily •Lixisenatide(Adlyxin®)-oncedaily •Semaglutide(Ozempic®)-onceweekly Incretin Mimetics / Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists -
Stimulating insulin release (beta cells). Suppressing glucagon (alpha cells). Slowing gastric emptying. Reducing appetite. Incretin Mimetics / Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists -MOA
Pramlintide (Symlin)+ Cagrilintide Amylin Analog
Colesevelam cholesterol-lowering agent (a bile acid sequestrant). It can modestly improve blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes.
Bromocriptine Dopamine agonist: improve glycemic control
slows gastric emptying, suppressing inappropriate glucagon secretion (reducing liver glucose production), and increasing satiety AMYLIN ANALOG MOA
Created by: user-1991937
 

 



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