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Social Studies Ch 8
Isabelle 6th Grade
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Myth | How Greeks expressed their religious beliefs. A traditional story that explains the practices or beliefs of a people or something in the natural world |
| Ritual | Words or actions that are part of a religious ceremony |
| Oracle | Greeks would use this to find out about their future. A sacred shrine where a priest or priestess spoke for a god or goddess |
| Oral Tradition | The custom of passing along stories by speech. Aesop's fables are an example of this |
| Fable | A story meant to teach a lesson |
| Drama | A story written in the form of a play |
| Comedy | A play or film that tells a humorous story and ends with a happy ending |
| Tragedy | A play or film in which characters fail to overcome serious problems |
| Sophists | Greek teachers of philosophy, reasoning and public speaking |
| Rhetoric | The art of public speaking and debate |
| Socratic Method | A type of questioning that encourages students to think for themselves. Method of questioning to gain truth |
| Hippocratic Oath | A set of promises about patient care that new doctors make when they start practicing medicine |
| Cavalry | Part of an army in which the soldiers ride horses |
| Hellenistic Era | The time period following the death of Alexander during which Greek culture spread through the known world |
| Epicureanism | The philosophy Epicurus, stating that the purpose of life is to look for happiness, peace and pleasure |
| Stoicism | A philosophy that taught that using reason and sound thinking for decisions was better than emotion. The philosophy of Stoics who believed that people should not try to feel joy or sadness |
| Solid Geometry | A branch of mathematics about measurement and relationships of points, lines, angles, surfaces, and solids in three dimensional space |
| Plane Geometry | A branch of mathematics centered around measurement and relationships of points, lines, angles and surfaces of figurines on a plane |
| Plato | Wrote the Republic and believed in philosopher kings |
| Socrates | Sentenced to death for his teachings |
| Sophocles | Great Athenian writer. He questioned whether it was better to obey orders or do what one believes to be right |
| Pythagoras | Music and numbers |
| Eratosthenes | Scientist and chief librarian at the Alexandria. He concluded that Earth was round |
| Homer | Poet who composed the Iliad and the Odyssey |
| Herodotus | Father of history |
| Thucydides | Uses primary sources. Believes that everything happens because of causes and effects. Believed that future generations could learn from the past |
| Philip II | From Macedonia. Set out to take over Greek city-states as King. He was killed after battles and his son (Alexander) took over. Loved Greek culture and intended to conquer Persia |
| Aristotle | He believed in three types of governments: monarchy, oligarchy and democracy. He believed that by trying to act according to the golden mean, people could avoid problems that come from extremes |
| Alexander the Great | Philip's son. Took over as king at 20. He was a great general that feared nothing and conquered lots of regions. |
| Philosophy | Love and wisdom |
| Hippocratus | Father of medicine |
| Darius III | Persian King and enemy of Alexader the Great |
| Parthenon | Example of Greek architecture and temples |
| Battle of Granicus | Alexander and his army of 40,000 Greeks and Macedonian soldiers defeated an army of Persians in modern day Turkey |
| Athens | Greek City that served as a cultural model for the Hellenistic kings |
| Alexandria | Greek capital of Egypt, was most famous among scholars for its vast library |
| Archimedes | Mathematician known for computing the closet value of pi |
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