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chemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the charge of a proton? | Positive |
| What is the charge of a neutron? | neutral |
| What is the charge of an electron? | negative |
| What kinds of particles are within the nucleas? | Protons and neutrons |
| What is found in the orbitals of an atom? | Electrons |
| What does the top number represent? | The mass number |
| What does the bottom number represent? | The atomic number |
| What does the atomic number (bottom number) represent in an isotope? | Number of protons |
| How can you calculate the number of neutrons? | mass number - atomic number (Top-bottom) |
| How can you calculate the number of electrons? | Atomic number-/+charge |
| What is an anion | Negatively charged atom |
| What is a cation? | positively charged atom |
| Whats an isotope? | Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons |
| What is an ionic compound? | A transfer of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal |
| What should you do when creating an ionic compound? | Make sure the charges balance |
| What is a polyatomic ion? | Ions composed of 2 or more elements |
| What is a binary compound? | 2 elements being put together |
| What is a covalent compound? | A sharing of electrons between 2 nonmetals |
| How do you name ionic compounds without a transition metal? | Cation + Anion + ide |
| Ionic compounds with a transition metal? | Transition metal + Charge roman numeral / Anion + ide |
| Where are groups located on the periodic table? | Vertical columns |
| Where are periods located on the periodic table? | Horizontal rows |
| Who made the solid sphere model? | Dalton |
| Who made the plum pudding model? | Thomson |
| Who made the nuclear model? | Rutherford |
| Who made the planetary model? | Bohr |
| Who made the quantum model? | Schrodinger |
| What is Dalton's solid sphere model? | Tiny particles with no internal structure |
| What is Thomson's plum pudding model? | Sphere of positive charge with suspended electrons |
| What is Rutherford's nuclear model? | Atom with a dense nucleas with random electrons |
| What is Bohr's planetary model? | Electrons orbit nucleas, closer to the nucleas = more electrons |
| What is Schrodinger's quantum model? | An electron cloud with a nucleas |
| What are the sublevels of electron configuration? | s, p, d |
| How does electron configuration function? | Start in s, count over till you exert all of its row, then move on to next row and so on until you reach the desired element |
| How do you do noble gas shorthand? | Fill in nearest noble gas, and continue normal configuration from there. |
| What is a valence electron? | Electrons in an atom's most outermost shell |
| What does isoelectronic mean? | Species with the same number of electrons |
| What are the diatomic gases? | HOFBrINCl |
| What is a combination reaction? | A + B --> AB |
| What is a decomposition reaction? | AB->A+B |
| What is a single replacement reaction? | AB+C->AC+B |
| What is a double replacement reaction? | AB + CD --> AD + CB |
| What is a combustion reaction? | CH + O --> CO2 H2O |
| What is the precipitant? | Insoluble solid that forms a solution / The cause |
| What is the precipitate? | Solid particles that form as the result of a reaction / The effect |
| What does soluble mean? | A substance that does dissolve in liquid (aq) |
| What does insoluble mean? | A substance that does not dissolve in liquid , |
| How do you do a precipitate reaction? | Balance as normal; WRITE charges and state of matter; write net ionic equation/cancel out all, KEEP charges |
| What are spectator ions? | ions that do not participate in a reaction/are cancelled out |
| What are moles? | Representations of particles, atoms, molecules, etc. |
| What is avogadros number? | 6.022 x 10^23, the number of particles in one mole of a substance. |
| What unit is used when you calculate molar/formula mass? | g/mol |
| When do you use stoichiometry? | When you want to know how much of something is used in a reaction |
| What are the steps of Stoichiometry? | Balance, Unknown, Given, Convert to Mols, Mol to Mol ratio, Convert to desired unit |
| How are limiting reactant problems set up? | When asking how much of something is formed, the lower number takes priority |
| What is the unit of molarity? | mol/L |
| What is a solute? | The subtance that is dissolved |
| What is a solvent? | The substance that a chemical is dissolved in |
| How do you calculate AMU/weighted average? | Multiply an atom's atomic mass by the percentages |
| What electronegativity rage is an ionic bond in? | Greater than 1.9 |
| What electronegativity does a non polar covalent bond have? | Less than 0.5 |
| What electronegativity does a polar covalent bond have? | Greater than 0.5 and no more than 1.9 |
| What is molecular geometry? | The exact shape of a molecule |
| What is electron geometry? | The shape of a molecule according to the first column |
| How do you do hybridization? | Number of lines/lone pairs - 1 (s, sp) |
Created by:
leiahh