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Solar system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Astronomical unit | Used to measure far distance in space 1 AU=Distance from earth to sun |
| Meteoroid | Chunk of rock smaller than asteroid |
| Meteor | Streak of light |
| Meteorite | Space rock found on Earth |
| Asteroids | Million's of small rocky objects that orbit the Sun in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter |
| Comets | Made of gas, dust, and ice, revolve around the Sun in the Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud |
| Inner planets | Terrestrial planets Solid and rocky Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars |
| Outer planets | Gas giants Made of ice and gas Jupiter, Saturn,Uranus,Neptune Rings and Moons Hydrogen and Helium |
| Planet | Spherical, orbits the Sun, clears it’s orbit |
| Mercury | Closest planet to the sun Not the hottest so small it lacks gravity and atmosphere |
| Venus | Hottest planet Greenhouse effect Day is longer than it’s revolution Acid clouds |
| Earth | Only planet with known life Moderate temperatures Protective atmosphere Liquid water |
| Mars | Largest known mountain- Olympus Mons Possible signs of life |
| Terrestrial planets | The four inner planets |
| Greenhouse effect | Occurs when a planets atmosphere traps Solar energy and cause the temperature to increase |
| Jupiter | Largest planet Galilean moons Great Red Spot |
| Saturn | Most complex ring system Least dense planet-it would float Titan-largest moon |
| Uranus | Rotation axis is tilted 90 degrees so it rotates like a bowling ball |
| Neptune | Longest period of Revolution Swirling storms-windiest planet |
| Gas Giants | Nickname for the 4 outer planets |
| Galilean Moons | 4 moons Galileo discovered around Jupiter -Io,Europa,Ganymede,Callisto |
| Dwarf planet | -Pluto was the first -same as planet but not larger than its neighbors -ceres in the asteroid belt |