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Psych chapter 1

for general psychology 110 at KSU (Gary Brase)

QuestionAnswer
What is psychology? The scientific study of human behavior and mental processes.
Why is psychology considered a “hub science”? Because it connects to many other disciplines (biology, medicine, sociology, education) and informs them.
What is the “Nature vs. Nurture” issue? Whether behavior is primarily shaped by biology/genetics or environment/experience.
What is the “Molar vs. Molecular” issue? Whether behavior should be studied at large-scale patterns (molar) or broken down into small elements (molecular).
Who founded the first psychology lab in 1879? Wilhelm Wundt, Leipzig, Germany.
Which philosopher emphasized empiricism (knowledge through experience)? John Locke (along with Berkeley and Hume).
Which scientist’s theory of evolution influenced psychology’s view of humans as part of the natural world? Charles Darwin.
What is structuralism and who is associated with it? Focus on the structure of the mind; Edward Titchener.
What is functionalism and who are its key figures? Focus on the purpose of mental processes; William James, Cattell, Hall.
What is Gestalt psychology’s main principle? “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.”
Who are the founders of Gestalt psychology? Wertheimer, Koffka, Köhler.
What is behaviorism and who are its key figures? Focus on observable behavior; Watson, Skinner, Pavlov.
What is cognitive psychology Study of mental processes like memory, perception, and problem-solving.
What are the biological perspectives in psychology? Neural, genetic, evolutionary
What are the environmental perspectives in psychology? Learning/cognitive, social/cultural, developmental.
What are the humanistic perspectives in psychology Emphasize personal growth, self-actualization (Maslow, Rogers)
What are some applied fields of psychology? Clinical, counseling, educational, industrial/organizational, forensic, consumer psychology.
What is the goal of psychology today? To understand, explain, predict, and sometimes change behavior using scientific methods.
Created by: user-2011791
 

 



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