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FOH Ch 2
Key Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A group of concepts that describe a pattern of reality. | Theory |
| Abstract impressions organized into symbols of reality. | Concepts |
| Group of concepts that follow an understandable pattern | Conceptual framework or model |
| Examines a general idea and then considers specific actions or ideas. | Deductive reasoning |
| Built from specific ideas or actions to conclusions about general ideas. | Inductive reasoning |
| Differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices. | Nursing theory |
| Adjustment of living matter to other living things and to environmental conditions. | Adaption |
| Based his theory of psychosocial development on the process of socialization, emphasizing how people learn to interact with the world. | Erik Erikson |
| Developed his theory of human needs in terms of physical and psychosocial needs considered essential to human life, | Abraham Maslow |
| Four concepts common in nursing theory that influence and determine nursing practice | (1)the person (patient), (2) the environment, (3) health, and (4) nursing. |
| The part of nursing practice passed down from generation to generation | Traditional knowledge |
| Comes from an expert and is accepted as truth based on the person’s perceived expertise | Authoritative knowledge |
| Knowledge obtained through the scientific method (implying thorough research) | Scientific knowledge |
| Influenced nursing knowledge and practice by demonstrating efficient and knowledgeable nursing care, defining nursing practice as separate and distinct from medical practice, and differentiating between health nursing and illness nursing | Florence Nightingale |
| This theory describes how to break whole things into parts and then to learn how the parts work together in “systems.” | General systems theory |
| To examine carefully or to search again | Research |
| Observable and verifiable information | Data |
| Encompasses research to improve the care of people in the clinical setting as well as the broader study of people and the nursing profession, including studies of education, policy development, ethics, and nursing history. | Nursing research |
| Nurses engage in _______ _______ in order to expand the body of knowledge that forms and advances the theory and practice of the discipline in all its spheres. | Scholarly inquiry |
| Involves the concepts of basic and applied research | Quantitative research |
| Sometimes called pure or laboratory research, is designed to generate and refine theory, and the findings are often not directly useful in practice. | Basic research |
| Also called practical research, is designed to directly influence or improve clinical practice. | Applied research |
| Method of research conducted to gain insight by discovering meanings | Qualitative research |
| The patient’s right to consent knowledgeably to participate in a study without coercion (knowing that this consent may be withdrawn at any time) or to refuse to participate without jeopardizing the care that they will receive | Informed consent |
| A process of transforming research knowledge into practice, with knowledge referring to both conducting and analyzing research. | Research utilization (RU) |
| A problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions, using the best evidence available (considered “best” because it is collected from sources such as published research, national standards and guidelines, and reviews of targeted literature). | Evidence-based practice |
| Synthesize information from multiple studies and recommend best practices to treat patients with a disease (e.g., hypertension), a symptom (e.g., chronic pain), or a disability (e.g., cognitive impairment). | Evidence-based practice guidelines |
| Systematic and continuous actions that lead to measurable improvement in health care services and the health status of targeted patient groups. | Quality improvement (QI) |
| Summarize findings from multiple studies of a specific clinical practice question or topic and recommend practice changes and future directions for research | Systemic reviews |
Created by:
spaige