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Benchmark Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abraham Baldwin thought that educated people were more likely to improve Georgia and was necessary for a free government, so he created this for all not just the wealthy or social elites | UGA |
| This system distributed land by matching plots of land with numbered tickets held by settlers where the tickets were placed in and drawn out of DRUMS as the land was obtained from forced Indian removal 67% of Georgia | Land Lottery |
| Offered 200 acres of land to heads of households in Georgia with 50 acres for a wife, children, and slaves | Headright System |
| The deal involved bribing lawmakers from the Georgia General Assembly for land that could have been granted to settlers | Yazoo Land Fraud |
| This ultimately increased the demand for slaves on the plantations of the pre-Civil War South | Cotton Gin |
| McIntosh, who's first cousin was Governor Troup, believed it was his people’s best chance at avoiding bloodshed with Georgia settlers so he signed this agreement that gave away Creek land | Treaty of Indian Springs |
| Cherokee Chief who represented them to stop Indian removal until he made a deal with the government to cover his living expenses | John Ross |
| Leader of the Supreme Court from 1801 to 1835. | John Marshall |
| This ruling struck down laws created by GA that illegally took Cherokee lands stating the Cherokee nation was a sovereign nation, thus not subject to US laws. | Worcester v Georgia |
| Court case where a slave fought to become free all the way to the Supreme Court but was ruled he was not a citizen and just because he lived in a free state didn't mean he was free | Dred Scott |
| Lincoln won the election of 1860, but the the next month(s) it led to the Civil War when the southern states did this for fear of changing their way of life (slavery permitted) | Secession (South Carolina was first in Dec 1860, Georgia was 4th in January of 1861) |
| Used to cut off the Confederate Supply line | Union blockade |
| What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? | Freed the slaves in the Confederacy |
| Overcrowded prison where many soldiers died of starvation, disease, and succumbed to the cold | Andersonville |
| Allowed California in as a free state | Compromise of 1850 |
| Sherman's destructive path from Atlanta to Savannah (scorched earth plan) was trying to destroy the Southern what? | Economy and means of transportation and supply (RAILROADS WERE THE BIGGEST LOSS) |
| Runaway slaves had to be returned to the South under what law | The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 (Part of the Georgia Platform to allow the Compromise of 1850) |
| Second bloodiest battle in the Civil War and was a victory by the Confederates in Georgia, but was a step to control the South's railroads | Battle of Chickamauga |
| What did the 13th Amendment do? | Abolished Slavery/Made it illegal in all of the US |
| Established after the 13th amendment to protect the rights of AA's | 14th and 15th amendments |
| Lincolns plan required the voting population in the South to do what which was considered lenient. | 10% was required to swear an oath to the US Constitution before they could rejoin the Union |
| Congress required states to adopt new state constitutions to protect AA's freedoms and rights. How did that differ from Lincoln and Johnson? | Lincoln and Johnson were more concerned with restoring the Union whereas Congress wanted to protect the rights of blacks and they were more punitive (strict/harsh) |
| These individuals sought to protect blacks' rights to vote while providing clothing and food to blacks and poor whites. Their main goal was to help blacks adjust to life being free. | Freedmen's Bureau |
| The Freedmen's Bureau was most successful in what? | Setting up over 4,000 schools providing educational opportunities for blacks |
| The KKK's main goal was to establish what? | White supremacy |
| After slavery was abolished, this agricultural practice grew as many former slaves returned to their former masters (land owners) where they had no say in the crops they were to grow as land owners needed workers and former slaves worked their lan | Sharecropping |
| These individuals owned their own equipment, usually their own seeds, and often owned their own animals (mules for tilling) | Tenant Farmers |
| The Bourbon Triumvirate would have most likely supported expanding what? | mining, railroads, lowering taxes, and industry |
| Why did Tom Watson and other notable members of the Populist Party criticize Henry Grady for his work with the Atlanta Constitution? | He supported industry over the interests of farmers |
| Tom Watson and the Populist were against what industry | banking due to high interest rates |
| How did the Supreme Court's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson impact society in the South? | Nearly every aspect of life throughout the region became segregated along racial lines from schools to water fountains |
| What word best describes African American rights during the Jim Crow period? | Segregation |
| Why did W.E.B. Du Bois criticize Booker T. Washington? | Booker felt that African Americans should focus on establishing themselves in society through trade/vocational skills/hard work and education before fighting for civil rights immediately |
| Explain how Alonzo Herndon had an impact how to advance African-American rights? | He founded businesses and established financial independence in spite of racism and offered to let blacks work for him and learn |
| Who tolerated racial discrimination and accepted social segregation? | Booker T Washington |
| Racial ethnic tensions existed in Georgia during the early twentieth century were displayed in what two events | 1906 Race Riot and Leo Frank Case |
| Leo Frank had two strikes against him in the eyes of poor whites. What were they? | He was Jewish and a Northern businessman |
| Henry Grady used the Atlanta Constitution to promote these ideals | Industrial growth and diversify crops |
| Why were African American's expelled from the Georgia General Assembly? | Because Democrats did not want them to have power so they treated them as non citizens, illiterate, and destroyed their character |
| What was the intent of Andrew Jackson’s Indian Removal Act? | To take American Indian land east of the Mississippi River and relocate the inhabitants west of the Mississippi |
| Leo Frank had two strikes against him in the eyes of poor whites. What were they? | He was Jewish and a Norther businessman |
| In what was was Leo Frank's case similar to what African Americans were experiencing? | Both faced discrimination and prejudices |
| What means were used to disenfranchise African Americans | Poll tax, literacy test, white primary, gerrymandering |
| How did the Supreme Court justify its ruling in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson? | The court argued that the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments extended political rights to African Americans, but not social rights |
| Who tolerated racial discrimination and accepted social segregation? | Booker T Washington |
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