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muscular system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| what is the role of the muscular system | to create movement |
| neuron function | electrical signal travels from a motor neuron to a muscle fiber |
| sliding-filament theory | explains how CA2+ initiates the physical shortening of the muscles contractile unit |
| what is creatine phosphate | it stores energy that can be used to synthesize ATP |
| what is a sarcomere | striations of a skeletal muscle |
| Z line, Zone, I band, A band | what are the parts of a sarcomere |
| muscle tone | sustained contraction that stimulates a few muscle fibers |
| tatany | sustained contractions w/o any relaxation |
| twitch | single contraction & corresponding relaxation |
| peristalsis | involuntary wave-like muscle contractions & relations |
| attached to bone, voluntary, striated, (movements, posture) | skeletal muscle |
| wall of heart, involuntary, striated, (pumps blood) | cardiac muscle |
| walls of hollow organs, involuntary, spindle shaped fibers, (propels substances through internal passages | smooth muscle |
| structure of myofibril | rod-like organelle inside a muscle fiber responsible for muscle contraction, containing sarcomere, myofilaments, bands& zones |
| cause of muscle cramp | fatigue, dehydration, nerve issues, poor circulation |
| cause of muscle fatigue | reduction in the ability of a muscle to produce force or power |
| multi unit smooth muslce | involuntary muscle tissue w/ ability to perform fine, localized & independent contractions |
| relationship between acetylcholine & acetylcholineesterase | system that turns a nerve signal on then off immediately allowing for quick & precise muscle control |
| slow-twitch | Aerobic, fatigue resistant, (marathons, posture, walking) |
| fast-twicth | Anarobic, fatigues, (Power& speed) |
| prevents signal transmission between nerve & muscle blocking acetycholine | how does Botulism cause paralysis |
| basic functional unit of skeletal muscle control. Single motor neuron & all the muscle fibers. Neuron fires actin all muscle fibers contract sumulatneously | how motor units work |
| prime mover | main muscle that directly produces a specific movement primarily contracting muscle |
| antagonist | opposes the action of the prime mover relaxes or lengthens to allow movement |
| synergist | assist the prime mover, neutralize unwanted movement |
| wasting or thinning of muscle mass. Visible decrease in muscle size & strength | muscle atrophies |
| oxygen debt | extra amount of oxygen the body needs after intense exercise to restore to normal conditions |
| myoglobin | protein found in muscle cells that stores and releases oxygen to help supply muscle with oxygen |
| structure of skeletal muscle | long cylindrical fibers that are striated organized into bundles( fascicles) attach to bone by tendon |
| acetylcholine, calcium ions, ATP | 3 signal molecules that can signal muscle contraction |
| rigor mortis | stiffening of muscles after death |
| power stroke in a muscle contraction | myosin head pulls the actin filament toward the center of the sarcomere, shortening the muscle fiber |
Created by:
Martina S