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Lecture 20 + 21
Lecture 20
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Canopy Gap | A disturbance-caused opening in the forest canopy, extending down through all foliage strata to 2 meters above the ground. Forms in absence of catastrophic events, in closed canopy forests |
| 1. Light increases 2. Increase in temperature fluctuations 3. Increase in nutrients 4. Increase in soil moisture | Within-Gap Changes (4) |
| 1. Germination of dormant seeds 2. Increases species richness and structure 3. increased advance regeneration | Changes caused by Gap Canopy (3) |
| Dendrochronology | analysis of tree-ring patterns |
| 1. Rates of carbon sequestration 2. Climate Growth Relationships 3. Demographics (recruitment, growth, mortality) 4. Dating distrbances | Applications to Forest Ecology (4) |
| Temperature (active), Daylight (inactive) | Cues for Cambium Activation |
| Standardization | Method of removing size-related growth trends that may be considered 'noise' |
| Limiting Factor | Resources in shortest supply control radial growth rates (ppt, temp, soil moisture, nitrogen) |
| Cross-Dating | Method of ensuring that the correct calendar year is assigned to each annual ring |
| 1. Correct Missing/False rings 2. correct errors in measurements 3. Align samples from different time periods | Cross-dating Purposes (3) |
| False (double) Rings | Rings that occur because of stress, and appear to be a growth ring but are not |
| Marker Year | A distinct ring assigned to a specific year (false rings, light rings, frost rings) |
| Dot Method | Fine-tipped pencils are used to label decades on ring samples |
| 1. Reduced growth from defoliation (insect outbreaks) 2. Anatomical Features (natural disasters, disturbances) 3. Growth Rates 4. Recruitment/germination dates 5. Fire Dates (scars) 6.Mortality Dates | Evidence (6) |