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Peds Neuro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Infant ICP | Bulging fontanels, separated sutures, high-pitched cry, setting-sun eyes, distended scalp veins. |
| Children ICP | Headache, vomiting, diplopia, irritability, personality changes, somnolence. |
| Late Signs of ICP | Bradycardia, decreased LOC, pupil changes, papilledema, posturing, Cheyne-Stokes respirations. |
| Peds GCS | Eyes, Verbal, Motor response. Score 15=normal, 3=worst. Key for assessing LOC. |
| Cereb Perfus Priority | Airway management is primary. Cerebral hypoxia >4 hours causes irreversible brain damage. |
| Neuro Exam | Vital signs, eyes (pupils), posturing, motor function, reflexes, skin. |
| Communicating HC | Hydrocephalous: CSF flow not obstructed, but inadequately reabsorbed in subarachnoid space. |
| Noncommunicating HC | Hydrocephalous :Obstruction of CSF flow from ventricles to subarachnoid space. |
| Shunt Func & Care | Drains CSF to peritoneum/atrium. Monitor head circumference, signs of ICP/malfunction, infection. |
| SB Occulta | Vertebral arch defect, no herniation. May have tuft of hair/dimpling. No loss of function. |
| Myelomeningocele | Sac with meninges, CSF, spinal nerves. Close surgically in 12-72h. High risk for hydrocephalus. |
| SB Pre-op Care | Position prone/side, cover sac with sterile saline dressing, prevent drying/infection. |
| Febrile Seizures | Occurs with rapid temp increase >101.8°F (38.8°C), usually over before ED arrival. |
| Feb Seizure Manage | Protect from injury, call 911 if >5 min. Avoid tepid baths; antipyretics not preventive. |
| Cerebral Palsy | Non-progressive motor disorder of CNS, causing altered movement/posture. Cause is prenatal/perinatal injury. |
| CP Spastic Type | Hypertonicity, scissoring of legs. Most common type. Involves pyramidal tract damage. |
| B Meningitis Infants | Poor feed/suck, high-pitched cry, bulging fontanel, fever/hypothermia, poor tone. |
| B Meningitis Children | Abrupt fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, vomiting, photophobia, irritability. |
| LP Bacterial v Viral | Bacterial: Cloudy, high WBC/protein, low glucose. Viral: Clear, normal/slightly high WBC/protein. |
| Reye Syndrome Flare | Linked to salicylate use (aspirin) during viral illness in kids <15. Causes brain/liver swelling. |