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Calcium Magnesium

QuestionAnswer
Hypocalcemia Causes Hypoparathyroidism, pancreatitis, vitamin D deficiency, alkalosis, massive blood transfusion.
Hypocalcemia Symptoms Paresthesia (circumoral, extremities), tetany, positive Trousseau's/Chvostek's, laryngospasm.
Hypocalcemia Treatment IV calcium gluconate/chloride, oral calcium/Vit D supplements, seizure precautions.
Hypercalcemia Causes Hyperparathyroidism, malignancy (bone mets), vitamin D intoxication, prolonged immobilization.
Hypercalcemia Symptoms Constipation, abdominal pain, polyuria, dehydration, kidney stones, lethargy, bone pain.
Hypercalcemia Treatment Hydration with NS, loop diuretics (furosemide), calcitonin, bisphosphonates, dialysis.
Hypomagnesemia Causes Malnutrition, alcoholism, diarrhea, diuretics, pancreatitis, aminoglycosides, proton pump inhibitors.
Hypomagnesemia Symptoms Similar to hypocalcemia: tetany, seizures, positive Trousseau's/Chvostek's, torsades de pointes.
Hypomagnesemia Treatment IV magnesium sulfate, oral supplements, seizure/cardiac monitoring, magnesium-rich diet.
Hypermagnesemia Causes Renal failure, excessive magnesium intake (antacids, laxatives), magnesium sulfate infusion.
Hypermagnesemia Symptoms Hyporeflexia, muscle weakness, respiratory depression, bradycardia, hypotension, coma.
Hypermagnesemia Treatment Calcium gluconate (antidote), IV fluids, dialysis, stop Mg intake, respiratory support.
Created by: Wasurenboh
 

 



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