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Brain Study stack

TermDefinition
Cerebrum Cerebrum: The largest part of the brain, responsible for higher functions like interpreting touch, vision, and hearing, as well as speech, reasoning, emotions, learning, and fine control of movement. Its surface is the cerebral cortex.
Cerebellum Cerebellum: Located under the cerebrum at the back of the head, its primary function is to coordinate voluntary muscle movements, maintain posture, and balance.
Brain stem Brain stem: Connects the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord and controls vital automatic functions such as breathing, heart rate, body temperature, wake and sleep cycles, and digestion. It is composed of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
Pons Pons: Part of the brainstem that acts as a bridge, relaying messages between the cerebrum, cerebellum, and spinal cord, and helping control face movement, breathing, and sleep.
Medulla oblongata Medulla oblongata: The lowest part of the brainstem, it regulates critical autonomic functions like heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and swallowing.
Parietal lobe Parietal lobe: Located behind the frontal lobe, it processes sensory information about touch, taste, and temperature. It is home to the sensory cortex.
Occipital lobe Occipital lobe: Situated at the very back of the brain, it processes light and other visual information from the eyes, allowing for the recognition of shapes and colors.
Frontal lobe Frontal lobe: Positioned at the front of the brain, it is involved in personality, emotions, higher thinking skills (like problem-solving, planning), short-term memory, and controlling movement. It contains the motor cortex.
Temporal lobe Temporal lobe: Found near the ears, it helps process sounds and language, recognizes objects and faces, and is important for memory and emotion association.
Motor cortex Motor cortex: Located in the frontal lobe, it is responsible for initiating and controlling voluntary movements.
Sensory cortex Sensory cortex (somatosensory cortex): Located in the parietal lobe, it is the region where the brain interprets input from various body senses (touch, temperature, pain).
Corpus callosum Corpus callosum: A wide, thick band of nerve fibers (white matter) that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, enabling communication between them.
Pituitary gland Pituitary gland: A small endocrine gland attached to the hypothalamus via a stalk, which it links to the nervous system. It secretes hormones that control many other glands in the body.
Thalamus Thalamus: Acts as a relay station, passing messages back and forth between various parts of the body and the cerebral cortex.
Hypothalamus Hypothalamus: A small structure located below the thalamus that links the nervous and endocrine systems via the pituitary gland. It regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep cycles, and other metabolic processes.
Hippocampus Hippocampus: A structure deep within the temporal lobe that is a key part of the limbic system and plays a vital role in memory formation, learning, and emotion.
Created by: user-1898990
 

 



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