Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BrainStructuresQuest
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| frontal lobe | controls emotions (hypothalamus), houses the motor cortex and motor skills, ability to express language/speech (Broca's area), judgement, personality, decision-making, planning/creativity (prefrontal cortex), front of brain |
| parietal lobe | processes sensory information (pain, touch, pleasure) and spatial awareness that is received from the somatosensory cortex, middle of brain |
| temporal lobes | located near the ears, processes sound/smell/taste, helps understand and communicate language (auditory Cortex & Wernicke's area) |
| occipital lobe | processes visual information in visual Cortex and memories, located in the back of the brain |
| lesion | a tissue destruction in the brain that causes brain damage |
| hindbrain | at the skull's base, directs essential life functions as well as coordination, balance, and movement (consists of medulla, pons, and cerebellum |
| forebrain | covers the brain's central core, responsible for higher level thinking, houses limbic system, regulates emotion and motivation |
| midbrain | small area above pons above brainstem, integrates sensory information and relays in upward into the brain, reticular formation is found here, controls some movement, connects hindbrain with forebrain |
| limbic system | hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus |
| reticular formation | alerts the brain to incoming signals that help us react to our environment even when we are sleeping (arousal), a nerve network that travels through the brainstem and thalamus |
| pons | located in the brainstem above Medulla and below midbrain, acts as a relay station that coordinates movement and communicates messages between structures, contains a lot of motor neurons, involved with sleep and arousal, helps process senses |
| medulla | located at the base of the brainstem (hindbrain that extends to midbrain) that controls vital functions like heartbeat and breathing |
| thalamus | located in the temporal lobe/forebrain and at the top of brainstem, processes and recognizes sensory inputs like touch and taste, sends sensory and motor messages to other parts of the brain |
| cerebellum | located in the hindbrain and at the back of brainstem that coordinates balance, coordination, and walking, powerhouse for SNS activities and fine motor skills, enables nonverbal learning |
| amygdala | processes the emotions of fear and aggression, triggers body's fight or flight, located in the forebrain/temporal lobe |
| hypothalamus | processes and regulates most emotions, regulates hunger and thirst, located in the forebrain/temporal lobes, linked to reward |
| hippocampus | located in the forebrain/temporal lobes, processes short term memory |
| cerebrum | contains cerebral cortex and center core, located at the front of the brain, controls voluntary movement, speech, intelligence, memory, emotion, and sensory processing, has 2 hemispheres (right and left) |
| cerebral cortex | outer, wrinkly layer of the brain divided into 4 lobes, processes rational thought, decision making, and information processing, |
| motor cortex | located in the frontal lobe, controls voluntary movements |
| what body parts require the most cortical space/space in somatosensory cortex? | the fingers and mouth since they require precise movements (more sensitive, higher population of sensory receptors) |
| somatosensory cortex | part of the parietal lobe that processes touch and movement sensations |
| Broca's area | located in the frontal lobe, allows someone to express language with muscles (speech) |
| Wernicke's area | located only in left hemisphere of frontal lobe, allows someone to process and comprehend language (written and spoken) |
| plasticity | flexibility/the ability to grow, when brain damage occurs other parts of the brain often adapt to perform needed functions (dendrites grow and form new connections), young brains are more malleable and have higher plasticity |
| structural plasticity | experiences and memory can change a brain's physical structure (ex. muscle memory) |
| functional plasticity | brain functions move from damaged areas to undamaged areas |
| brain damage occurs because... | severed neurons do not regenerate and some brain functions seem to be preassigned to specific areas |
| corpus callosum | located under cerebrum, the large band of neural fibers (axons) that connect the two brain hemispheres, integrate sensory and motor info from one hemisphere to the other |
| split brain | this occurs to help reduce seizures in epilepsy patients, communication between both hemispheres is blocked, if a picture is flashed to a person's right hemisphere they know what it is but are unable to physically say it |
| right brain | creativity, spatial abilities, processes emotions, facial recognition, imagination, music and rhythm perception, holistic thinking, artistic ability |
| left brain | logic, language (speaking, reading, writing, grammar), analytical processing, math skills, sequential reasoning, scientific thinking, detail-oriented, time management, organization |
| cognitive neuroscience | researches how brain activity is linked with cognition (thinking), relates specific brain states to conscious experiences |
| dual processing | the principle that info is simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks |
| natural selection | the theory that inherited traits enabling an organism to survive and reproduce in a certain environment will be passed down to the next generations |
| behavior genetics | the study of the relative power and limits of genetic (biological) and environmental influences on behavior |
| chromosomes | made of DNA, contain genes, you have 46 (23 from each parent), genes include things like eye color, hair color, etc. |
| epigenetics | the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without DNA modification |
| nature | biological, genetically inherited traits from parents (ex. eye color) |
| nurture | environmental influences and experiences, the culture and people you surround yourself with and life lessons you have learned |
| basal ganglia | located deep inside the brain, beneath cerebral cortex, aids SNS with processing voluntary movement and cognitive and emotional processing, serves as a filter for info (abnormalities cause Tourette's, low dopamine here causes Parkinson's) |
| auditory cortex | processes sound, located in temporal lobe |
| primary visual cortex | located in occipital lobe, receives inputs from retinas and processes/reconstructs that information (ex. visually remembering a movie scene, facial recognition) |
| pituitary gland | located in frontal lobe, behind bridge of nose behind thalamus, controls the endocrine system (ex. growth, gaining weight, going to the bathroom, secrete hormones) |
Created by:
ts2819