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Golden Ticket 1-6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reasons for exploration | wealth, religion, expand empires, claim territory, new trade routes to Asia through Northwest Passage |
| Spain | claimed Florida, Texas, California; built missions |
| France | claimed land in New World to profit from fur trading |
| New England colonies | rocky soil, cold climate, harbors, fishing, lumber, and shipbuilding; founded for religious freedom |
| Religious toleration | to escape religious persecution, Roger Williams left Massachusetts and founded Rhode Island |
| Massachusetts | New England colony; Puritans/Pilgrims founded for religious freedom; Boston major port city |
| Middle colonies | rich farmland, moderate climate, grew oats, wheat, grain, and raised livestock |
| Quakers | first anti-slavery group; lived in Pennsylvania |
| Southern colonies | fertile soil, warm climate, cash crops; Transatlantic Slave Trade provided slave labor for plantations; founded mainly for economic reasons; Jamestown, Virginia |
| Maryland | founded for Catholics seeking religious freedom |
| Reasons for growth of representative/self-government | distance from Britain, Pilgrim’s Mayflower Compact (social contract), Virginia House of Burgesses, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, First Great Awakening, John Locke |
| Mercantilism | British controlled colonial trade; angered colonists |
| Proclamation of 1763 | law prohibited colonists from moving west of Appalachian Mountains; colonists ignored |
| Consent of governed | belief British should have colonists’ permission to pass taxes; main reason for American Revolution |
| Intolerable Acts | British response to Boston Tea Party; colonists formed the 1st Cont. Congress and sent list of complaints to KG3 |
| Declaration of Independence | Thomas Jefferson; list of grievances/complaints against KG3; right to create new gov’t |
| Unalienable rights | rights all people have from birth: life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness; Declaration of Independence |
| Saratoga | turning point of Rev. war; France supported the Americans |
| Yorktown | last major battle of Rev. war; British defeated and signed Treaty of Paris recognizing U.S. independence |
| Articles of Confederation | 1st gov’t; weak because feared abuse of power; NO: executive branch, regulate trade; YES: negotiate treaties, declare war |
| Northwest Ordinance | process for admitting new states to U.S., population requirement to apply = 60,000 settlers; territories govern themselves |
| Great Compromise | decided how many representatives large and small states would send to the bicameral Congress |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | agreement over how slaves would count for representation and taxation purposes |
| Federalist | supported Constitution, wanted strong central gov’t, believed it created a more stable Union; Alexander Hamilton and James Madison |
| Anti-Federalist | against Constitution, wanted more power given to state gov’ts, wanted a bill of rights; Patrick Henry and George Mason |
| Checks and balances | each branch of government has some power over the other two branches; helps to prevent anyone branch from becoming too powerful |
| Citizen responsibilities | serve on juries, vote in elections, stay informed, obey laws |
| Bill of Rights | protects individual liberties; inspired by the English Bill of Rights; addressed some grievances listed in the Declaration of Independence |
| 1st Amendment | freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition; gives citizens the right to make their own choices regarding religion; prohibits government from passing laws regarding religion |
| 4th Amendment | no unreasonable search or seizure |
| 6th Amendment | right to a fair, speedy, and public trial |
| 8th Amendment | freedom from cruel or unusual punishment and excessive bails and fines |
| 10th Amendment | rights not given to the federal gov’t are given to the states; created federalism which prevents abuse of power by central gov’t |
| Hamilton’s Financial Plan | to stabilize the new economy: 1) establish National Bank, 2) pay off war debt, 3) pass whiskey tax, 4) protective tariff |
| Farewell Address | Washington warned against having permanent foreign alliances and creating political parties |
| Federalist Party | led by Alexander Hamilton; wanted: 1) a stronger federal gov’t, 2) an industrial economy, 3) a national bank |
| Democratic-Republican Party | led by Thomas Jefferson; wanted: 1) less federal gov’t power, 2) an agricultural economy, 3) state banks |
| Marbury v. Madison | established judicial review, which gave Supreme Court power to declare laws unconstitutional |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | established federal rule over interstate trade |
| Louisiana Purchase | 1803; doubled size of the U.S.; U.S. gained fertile farmland and access to Mississippi River |
| Causes of War of 1812 | British impressment of U.S. sailors |
| Monroe Doctrine | prevented European colonization of land in the Western Hemisphere |
| Jacksonian Democracy | Democratic Party; voting increased; viewed by opponents as too powerful; spoils system; favored commoners–not the wealthy |
| Nullification Crisis | did South Carolina have the right to nullify (overturn) a federal law; argument over states’ rights vs federal rights |
| Worcester v. Georgia | Indian Removal Act forced Natives off lands; Cherokee sued to keep land; Court favored Natives; Jackson ignored the Court and forced Natives to relocate to present-day Oklahoma |
| Hudson River School | artists painted landscapes and nature |
Created by:
Hayers32