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Chapter 2

Lessons 1-3

TermDefinition
Mineral a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition
Inorganic not formed from living things or the remains of living things
Crystal a solid in which the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats again and again
Streak the color of a mineral's powder
Luster the way a mineral reflects light from its surface
Mohs Hardness Scale a scale ranking ten minerals from softest to hardest; used in testing the hardness of minerals
Cleavage a mineral's ability to split easily along flat surfaces
Fracture the way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way
Crystallization the process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure
Solution a mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute that has the same properties throughout; a mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another
Vein a narrow deposit of a mineral that is sharply different from the surrounding rock
Rock-Forming Mineral any of the common minerals that make up most of the rocks of Earth's crust
Granite a usually light-colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust
Basalt a dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust
Grains particles of minerals or other rocks that give a rock its texture
Texture the look and feel of a rock's surface, determined by the shape, size, and pattern of a rock's grains
Igneous Rock a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface
Sedimentary Rock a type of rock that forms when particles from other types of rocks or the remains if plants and animals are pressed and cemented together
Metamorphic Rock a type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions
Extrusive Rock igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth's surface
Intrusive Rock igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface
Geode a hollow rock inside which mineral crystals have grown
Created by: user-1975079
 



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