A break in the continuity of a bone affecting mobility and causing pain;

Closed vs Open Fracture

Closed no skin break Open skin integrity disrupted risk infection;

Break across entire width of bone dividing it into two sections;

Fracture does not divide bone completely break is only partial;

Bone fragments are not in their normal anatomical alignment;

Bone is fragmented into multiple pieces at the fracture site;

Break occurs at an oblique diagonal angle across the bone;

Caused by a twisting motion common sign of physical abuse;

Fractured bone end is wedged into the opposite fractured fragment;

Incomplete break one side cortex bent common in children;

Stages of Bone Healing

Hematoma granulation callus formation ossification remodeling;

Stage 1 within 24-72 hours blood clot forms at fracture site;

Stage 3 new vascular tissue callus surrounds the fracture site;

Final stage bone is reshaped to meet mechanical demands up to a year;

Increased pressure in muscle compartment reduces circulation;

Pain Pallor Paresthesia Pulselessness Paralysis Pressure;

Emergency surgical incision through fascia to relieve compartment pressure;

Fat Embolism Syndrome

Fat globules enter bloodstream post-fracture clog lung vessels;

Hypoxemia dyspnea tachypnea headache agitation confusion;

Red-brown pinpoint rash over neck and chest a discriminating finding;

Neurovascular Assessment

Check Pain Sensation Temperature Capillary refill Pulses Movem

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Fractures

Question	Answer
Fracture Definition	A break in the continuity of a bone affecting mobility and causing pain;
Closed vs Open Fracture	Closed no skin break Open skin integrity disrupted risk infection;
Complete Fracture	Break across entire width of bone dividing it into two sections;
Incomplete Fracture	Fracture does not divide bone completely break is only partial;
Displaced Fracture	Bone fragments are not in their normal anatomical alignment;
Comminuted Fracture	Bone is fragmented into multiple pieces at the fracture site;
Oblique Fracture	Break occurs at an oblique diagonal angle across the bone;
Spiral Fracture	Caused by a twisting motion common sign of physical abuse;
Impacted Fracture	Fractured bone end is wedged into the opposite fractured fragment;
Greenstick Fracture	Incomplete break one side cortex bent common in children;
Stages of Bone Healing	Hematoma granulation callus formation ossification remodeling;
Hematoma Formation	Stage 1 within 24-72 hours blood clot forms at fracture site;
Callus Formation	Stage 3 new vascular tissue callus surrounds the fracture site;
Bone Remodeling	Final stage bone is reshaped to meet mechanical demands up to a year;
Compartment Syndrome	Increased pressure in muscle compartment reduces circulation;
6 Ps of Compartment	Pain Pallor Paresthesia Pulselessness Paralysis Pressure;
Fasciotomy	Emergency surgical incision through fascia to relieve compartment pressure;
Fat Embolism Syndrome	Fat globules enter bloodstream post-fracture clog lung vessels;
FES Early Signs	Hypoxemia dyspnea tachypnea headache agitation confusion;
FES Petechiae	Red-brown pinpoint rash over neck and chest a discriminating finding;
Neurovascular Assessment	Check Pain Sensation Temperature Capillary refill Pulses Movem

Created by: Wasurenboh

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