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world cinema final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Lonely Villa | Short, silent crime film directed by DW Griffith starring Mary Pickford-burglars break in and scare a family |
| The Lonedale Operator | Short crime film written by Mack Sennett and directed by DW Griffith-a female telegrapher stops a robbery-notable for its multiple locations and close ups |
| Oscar Micheaux | Influential African-American filmmaker who produced dozens of race films, raised Black interest in film, told Black stories in non-stereotyped ways |
| Manthia Diawara | Black film theorist-the Black spectator-films are designed for the white male gaze, not with Black people in mind |
| Paul Robeson | Influential African American actor/entertainer, played the Reverend in Body and Soul |
| Frantz Fanon | Black scholar-post colonialism-wrote The Fact of Blackness-discusses depictions of Black people in film |
| Lincoln Motion Picture Company | Production company founded in 1916, first producer of race films |
| Tom Gunning | Film theorist-the cinema of attractions |
| “The Cinema of Attractions” | Filmmakers are more interested in visually appealing images than plots |
| Thomas Edison | Inventor, created kinetoscope |
| Kinetoscope | Big cabinet, let one person at a time view films through a small peephole, invented by Thomas Edison |
| Cinematograph | Early device to show films (projector), invented by Lumière brothers |
| Zoopraxiscope | Glass disk spun around and showed pictures, invented by Muybridge |
| The Lumière Brothers | French filmmakers and pioneers of film, some of the earliest filmmakers-simple pictures, lots of documentaries where they would put the camera in public and let it run-invented cinematograph |
| Georges Méliès | Early French filmmaker-made “trick films” using special effects- “A Trip to the Moon” |
| Eadweard/Edward Muybridge | Early photographer and filmmaker, took pictures of horses/stop motion, invented zoopraxiscope |
| Masstransiscope | Modern art piece by Bill Brand-mural installed in a subway tunnel that’s animated when trains move by |
| The Biograph Company | 1st US film company devoted entirely to film production, very big and influential company-Griffith, Pickford, Gish |
| Mack Sennett | Early American filmmaker and pioneer of comedy-worked with Chaplin |
| Charles Chaplin | Early slapstick comedian, made lots of silent pictures, born performer, very popular “Lovable Tramp” character |
| Chaplin World | Chaplin production company |
| The Tramp | Film where the Tramp outsmarts farmhands and tries to marry the farmer’s daughter |
| David W. Griffith | Pioneering director and filmmaker, made “Birth of a Nation” (most racist film ever made), influential/pioneer in film editing and narrative film |
| David Forgacs | Italian film theorist, wrote Rome Open City BFI book |
| Italian Neorealism | Movement in Italian cinema after WWII-used nonprofessional actors, shot on location, had sync sound, depicted ordinary life and ordinary problems |
| The Bicycle Thieves | Italian neorealism film directed by Vittorio De Sica, about a working class man during a recession who gets a job but his bicycle is stolen, tries to hunt it down with his son and almost steals a bicycle himself |
| German Expressionism | Filmmaking style emerging in Germany in 1910s-20s, fantastical sets-inner conflicts, sets inspired by paintings, rejected cinematic realism |
| David Robinson | Film scholar, wrote Chaplin biography |
| UFA | German film studio responsible for many German Expressionist films, high budget, large productions |
| Major five studios – during the classic Hollywood era | Paramount, Warner Bros, Metro-Golden-Meyer, RKO, 20th Century Fox |
| Minor three studios | Universal Pictures, United Artists, Columbia Pictures |
| Vertical integration | Film companies controlled film production and distribution (theaters) (banned by Paramount decrees) |
| Block booking | Practice of selling multiple films to a theater as a unit, banned by Paramount decrees |
| v | Supreme Court case that ended vertical integration-prevented film companies from owning exhibition companies |
| Transition to sound cinema | Silent to sound-on-disc to sync sound |
| Andrew Sarris | Film theorist-Auteur Theory Revisited-creator of auteur theory |
| French New Wave | Experimental editing, shot on location, sync sound, long takes, jump cuts |
| jump cut | A cut in a film where the angle changes less than 30 degrees-disorienting |
| Steven Ungar | Film theorist, wrote Cleo from 5 to 7 BFI book |
| Auteur Theory | The idea that a film’s director, more than the screenwriter, is the author of a film, writing in the language of images/sound |
| Fritz Lang | Influential German expressionist director |
| Charles Musser (“Work Ideology and…”) | Film theorist, discusses how Chaplin’s tramp rejects work and labor |
| Ben Singer (“Hyper-stimulus & Modernity”) | Modernity-barrage of stimuli |
| Motion Picture Production Code | Hays code-censored films-no sex, drugs, homosexuality, profanity, interracial marriages in films-aim was to prevent wider government censorship of films |
| Mae West | 1920s/30s film star and comedian, sex symbol, wrote her own films and gave herself the best lines, frequently censored by production codes for raunchy jokes |
| Pre-code cinema | More free, less rigid rules about the production code |
| New Hollywood cinema | Bigger budget films, more actors, rise of franchises and special effects |
| Sidney Poitier | Golden Age of Hollywood actor, first Black person to win the Oscar for Best Actor |
| W.E.B. DuBois (William Edward Burghardt DuBois) | African American scholar and theorist, came up with the idea of double consciousness |
| The Great Migration | Movement of African Americans from the South to the Northeast, Midwest, and West between 1910 and 1970s, especially to find work-a few waves of migrations |
| Red Summer of 1919 | Dozens of race riots across the country led to many deaths |
| race film / race movies | Movies about the lives of Black Americans, created with Black audiences in mind |
| Lev Kuleshov | Soviet filmmaker and theorist, founder of Moscow Film School |
| The Kuleshov Effect | Principle of film editing-putting different images together will change audience perception (neutral face and then shots of food/woman/coffin-audience will think the face is hungry/horny/sad based on what image comes after) |
| Orson Welles | Landmark filmmaker known for Citizen Kane and the War of the Worlds broadcast-landmark film, commonly called the best one ever made-cinematography, editing, narrative |
| Gregg Toland | Citizen Kane cinematographer-deep focus photography |
| Dialectical montage | Soviet montage-brings images together under one united theme |
| Pan | Sideways motion of the camera-camera stays in one spot, moves over to the side |
| Wipe | Dissolve transition on screen |
| Eye-line match | Lining up the eyelines of subjects on camera when doing shot-reverse shot |
| 180-degree rule (as it relates to jump cut) | For continuity editing, the camera has a 180 degree range of motion within a scene |
| Breaking the 4th wall | Characters addressing the audience/the film acknowledging that it is a film |
| Linear and non-linear narrative | Narratives following linear time in order of events (ex Cléo from 5 to 7) vs jumping around in time (ex Citizen Kane) |
| Bandung Conference of 1955 | Afro-Asian conference, meant to promote Afro-Asian culture and economics |
| William Randolph Hearst | Media magnate on whom Citizen Kane is based on |
| Peter Wollen | Signs and Meaning in the Cinema-The Auteur Theory |
| film noir | Genre of film-dark, gritty, often about a man’s descent into the criminal underworld (sometimes a detective), femme fatale, exposes dark underbelly of society |
| Janey Place (“Women in film noir”) | Discusses the role of women in film noir-temptresses, overtly sexual and punished for independence |
| Carl Franklin | Director of Devil in a Blue Dress-neo-noir |
| Ousmane Sembène | Influential Senegalese director, essentially brought cinema to Africa, definitely established Africa as a continent where important films were happening |
| Cesare Zavattini | Italian film theorist-proponent of INR |
| Ossessione (Luchino Visconti, 1943) | Italian neorealist film, unauthorized adaptation of the American novel The Postman Always Rings Twice |
| Roberto Rossellini’s war trilogy | Rome Open City, Paisan, Germany Year Zero-explores WWII in Germany and Italy |
| Fernando Solanas and Octavio Getino | Revolutionary Argentine filmmakers who coined the term “third cinema” and directed “Hour of the Furnaces |
| Third cinema | Radical film coming from third world countries-non commercial, underground, political, aimed to educate and inspire the masses-based on true stories, informative rather than entertaining, by the masses for the masses |
| Richard Dyer | Film theorist-White-Whiteness in film, binaristic ideas of whiteness and Blackness-whiteness is everything and nothing |
| New German Cinema | Similar to INR and FNW-low budget, on location, non professional actors |
| Martha | Fassbinder film-Martha’s father dies, her mother is sick, she marries an abusive husband |
| The Bitter Tears of Petra von Kant | Film by Rainer Werner Fassbinder about a lesbian fashion designer |
| Laura Cottingham | Wrote Ali: Fear Eats the Soul BFI book |
| Reflexivity in cinema | Cinema acknowledging that it is cinema and being self-referential |
| New Thai Cinema | Similar to INR and FNW-new, young directors doing new things in Thailand- |
| Citizen Dog (2004) | Wisit Sasanatieng-absurdist comedy/romance film, Pod falls in love with Jin in Bangkok, goes on an adventure to win her over and find his purpose in life |
| The Hazards of Helen (1915) | Film serial-Helen is a telegrapher for a railroad station, men don’t believe in her abilities, she proves them wrong and saves the day |
| The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) | Robert Wiene, German expressionist cinema, Dr Caligari terrorizes a town by sending an unaware somnambulist to kill people, twist at the end is that the narrator is in an asylum |
| Gold Rush (1925) | Charlie Chaplin, the tramp goes to Alaska, finds a bandit and a prospector, falls in love, strikes gold |
| Body and Soul (1925) | Oscar Micheaux-a young girl is pursued by a criminal posing as a minister, she wants to marry someone else, he rapes her and steals her money, her mother doesn’t believe her, she runs away and dies but it was all just a dream |
| Within Our Gates (1920) | Oscar Micheaux-Sylvia is a Black teacher who almost marries two different people, raises money to save the school, and is almost raped by her long lost father |
| She Done Him Wrong (1933) | Lowell Sherman-Lou is a lounge singer caught up in all sorts of illicit activity (her fiance is a criminal and her ex breaks out of jail to be with her), she has several affairs, wears beautiful clothes, and saves the day |
| Citizen Kane (1941) | Orson Welles-explores the life of Charles Foster Kane, a newspaper magnate and attempted politician, very rich, unhappy love life, longs for “Rosebud” (last word, childhood sled) |
| Devil in a Blue Dress (1995) | Carl Franklin-neo noir-Easy is a regular guy (needs money) who gets swept up in the criminal world-hunts down Daphne with Mouse, kills people along the way-Daphne is a white-passing Black woman who can’t be with her fiance |
| Roma, Citta Apperta (1945) | Roberto Rosselini-in WWII Italy, follows Italian resistance fighters-Luigi/Giorgio, Francesco, Pina, Don Pietro, Marina, Marcello-Pina is shot, Francesco escapes, Luigi and Don Pietro are executed after Marina betrays them |
| Cléo from 5 to 7 (1962) | Agnes Varda-Cléo is a French singer waiting for a diagnosis from her doctor, wanders Paris (assistant, lover, friend), meets Antoine and confesses her fears, gets the diagnosis but the doctor says she’ll be okay-slow-paced, wandering |
| Le Noir de (1966) | Ousmane Sembene-Diouana is a Senegalese girl brought to work in France as a nanny, has to do chores she wasn’t told about, isn’t allowed to leave the apartment, is belittled by her employers, misses Senegal, kills herself |
| Bye Bye Africa (1999) | Mahamat-Saleh Haroun-semi-autobiographical film about a filmmaker going home to Chad after the death of his mother, decides to make a film about his mother, lack of infrastructure/interest in filmmaking in Chad |
| Hour of the Furnaces (1968) | Solanas and Gettino-revolutionary third cinema film about the conditions of Argentina, designed to unite and liberate the masses to revolution-political documentary |
| Bonnie & Clyde (1967) | Arthur Penn-Bonnie and Clyde are legendary outlaws, rob banks, get shot in a standoff. Clyde’s brother is Buck and his wife is Blanche who is portrayed as more annoying in the film than she is in real life |
| Queen & Slim (2019) | Melina Matsoukas-B&C retelling-Queen and Slim are on a Tinder date, pulled over by a cop, accidentally kill him, run away, garner national attention as fugitives and incite riots and conversations, shot a few days later, viewed as martyrs |
| Ali: Fear Eats the Soul (1974) | Rainer Werner Fassbinder-Ali is a 30 year old Moroccan immigrant, Emmi is a 60 year old German woman, they get married in Germany and face scorn from Emmi’s children and Ali’s friends and racism from community members, decide to stay together |
Created by:
cowscantlookleft