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HIST 10601 final ex.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how long was the cold war? | from 1945-1990 |
| who was Harry Truman? | a u.s. president that served in wwI |
| when did Truman become president? | 1945 |
| why did Harry Truman become president? | FDR died while he was president, and Truman was the vice president, so the job got passed to him |
| how did Truman add to the tensions of the cold war? | he yelled at the U.S. ambassador for Russia, ended the lend-lease act, and stalled a loan request from the Soviets |
| what did Joseph Stalin do to his own people? | he killed 10 million of them |
| what was containment? | the concept that America adopted as a way to fight communism, by not letting it spread to countries that were not yet affected |
| what was the thought process behind containment? | if communism did not spread to western countries, then it would die out eventually |
| who gave the long telegram and when? | George Kennan, Feb. 1946 |
| what was said in the long telegram? | the us only needs to fear 5 countries: russia, japan, great britain, germany, and the us itself |
| what did americans think of communism in the 40s? | monolithic (same everywhere), infinitely expansive, a threat to american trade, threat to democratic governments, and its evil |
| what countries were leaning toward communism in the 40s? | china and japan |
| what was the Truman doctrine (March 1947)? | Truman decided to take over loaning money to countries affected by war, offered $400 million to Greece and Turkey |
| what were the effects of the Truman Doctrine? | it established American involvement with Korean and Chinese war efforts and made the u.s. be seen as a conflict stopper |
| what was the Marshall Plan (June 1947)? | it was a plan created by George Marshall, and it stated that the u.s. would give long-term loans to any european country but they would have to disclose their economic info |
| what was the U.S.'s motivation for the Marshall Plan? | it was humanitarian, good for our economy, and no country that received Marshall Plan aid became communist |
| what was the Yalta Conference? | it decided that Germany would be split into two parts: east and west germany |
| what is american consumerism? | it was the economic prosperity of america after wwII that enabled americans to buy more goods |
| what was moderate republicanism? | the promise to curb federal government and restore state and local government authority |
| why did people hate the truman admin. in 1952? | the conflict with korea stalled, economy was sputtering, and ppl were tired of high prices |
| who were the candidates in the election of 1952? | adlai stevenson and dwight eisenhower |
| why did people like Eisenhower as a candidate? | he was an international figure, he promised to travel to korea to peacefully end the war |
| who won the election of 1952? | eisenhower |
| what was eisenhower's political stance? | he was midway between convervatism and liberalism |
| what were eisenhower's opinions on political issues? | he pledged to shrink federal power and restore balance to the different branches, promised to reduce the national debt, believed workers had the right to unionize, and believed in world peace |
| what was dynamic conservatism? | eisenhower's beliefs, midway conservative and liberal |
| what did eisenhower accomplish in his presidency? | he established federal departments of health, education, and welfare, extended social security, increased minimum wage and public housing |
| what changes were made to public transport under eisenhower? | he began two big construction projects: the seaway project and the interstate highway system |
| what was the seaway project? | it was partnered with canada and allowed for ships to come in the great lakes from the ocean for trade |
| what was the federal-aid highway act (1956)? | it built a network of highways and was modeled after germany's autobahn |
| what came of the highway act? | car culture, new jobs, economic growth, tourism, long-haul trucking, fast-food |
| who was joseph mccarthy? | a fuckass senator from wisconsin who was homophobic and started the red scare |
| what did eisenhower do in 1953 to gay people? | he signed executive order 10450 that fired all gay and lesbian people |
| who was Franklin Kameny? | he was a veteran of wwII, gay, was fired for being gay, was a founding member of the Mattachine Society of Washington |
| what did Franklin Kameny do for gay rights? | he organized the 1st pride demonstration at the white house, convinced the american psychological association to de-classify being gay as a mental disorder |
| how did McCarthy fall from his position? | he said rude stuff to a high ranking general in the military |
| what was happening in china post wwII? | a civil war between nationalists and communists |
| who were the 2 potential candidates for leader of china? | Chiang Kai-Shek and Mao Zedong |
| who won china despite u.s. aid? | communists |
| why did containment in china fail? | the u.s.' refusal to involve military and the fact that people didn't like nationalist leaders |
| what went on in korea during and after wwii? | they were being controlled by japan, and they divided korea into 2 parts |
| when did north korea invade south korea? | june 1950 |
| what did the u.s. ambassador for korea do and what happened after? | he went to the UN and told them that he wanted to stop communism and the invasion into south korea and they voted unanimously to stop it |
| who was General Douglass MacArthur? | he was the lead general in the korean war and he ordered a very risky but successful attack on japanese troops |
| when were the peace talks for the korean war? | july 1951-1953 |
| what was eisenhower's foreign policy? | "rollback communism" and the idea of using nuclear weapons in war situations |
| what was SEATO (1954)? | the south east asian treaty organization, similar to NATO but only lasted 20 years |
| what was METO (1955)? | middle eastern treaty organization, lasted only 4 years |
| when was israel created and why? | 1948 and it was created because the world felt bad because of the holocaust |
| what was the eisenhower doctrine (1958)? | it stated that any country threatened by communist rule would get aid to fight them |
| whose diplomatic relations were improving for a sec and why? | the soviet union and because of nikita krushchev |
| what was the u-2 spy plane incident? | a u.s. plane flew over russia to spy and they shot it down, which fucked up relations with the soviets even more |
| what was the bay of pigs fiasco (1961)? | soviets put missiles in cuba and the u.s. wanted to get them out of there, but the whole mission failed and it was an embarrassment for the u.s. |
| what was the death strip? | it was the border of east and west germany, and it was armed heavily by guards whose orders were to shoot on sight |
| what was checkpoint charlie? | it was a u.s. border checkpoint in west germany that was the easiest to pass through |
| when was JFK shot? | november 22nd, 1963 |
| when was nixon elected? | 1968 |
| who took over after kennedy was assassinated? | lyndon b. johnson |
| what were the SALT talks? | talks between the ussr and u.s. to change their arms tactics |
| why did tension with the soviets end? | Gorbachev and Reagan came into office, and they got along really well |
| when was the first phase of the civil rights movement? | 1945-1965 |
| when was the second wave of the civil rights movement? | after 1965 |
| what became a big focus of the democratic party? | black equality |
| what did truman do for civil rights? | he banned racial discrimination for federal workers and desegregated the military |
| who was Jackie Robinson? | a famous black baseball player and a vet of wwii who made it to the biggest league |
| what president did not have congressional support during his presidency? | truman |
| what was truman's fair deal (1949)? | universal health insurance, federal aid for education, civil rights legislation, housing initiatives, and labor reforms |
| what ussc case reversed plessy v. ferguson? | smith v. allright, separate is not equal |
| what did brown v. board of education decide? | separate is unconstitutional |
| which candidate of the election of 1960 had bad health problems secretly? | kennedy |
| what was kennedy able to do as president? | raise minimum wage, create the peace corps, and pass the equal pay act (1963) |
| when did the soviets launch the first manned space flight? | 1961 |
| what happened during the vienna summit meeting? | krushchev yelled at kennedy and threatened to take full control of berlin. Kennedy thought this could mean nuclear warfare so he started building shelters |
| who was Yuri Gagarin? | the first man to ever take a trip around the earth |
| what was the limited nuclear test ban? | it banned nuclear testing in the atmosphere |
| who did eisenhower elect as chief justice? | earl warren |
| what was the doll study? | it was a study of kids and their racial awareness |
| what was desegregation "with all deliberate speed"? | whenever they wanted to implement desegregation |
| who was emmett till? | he was a black child who was lynched |
| who was rosa parks? | a black woman activist with the NAACP, she also started the montgomery bus boycott |
| when did the woolworth's sit-ins start? | february 1960 |
| when was the march on washington and 'i have a dream' speech? | 1963 |
| what did the civil rights act of 1964 do? | it meant no discrimination in hospitality businesses, literacy tests given on paper, and the equal opportunity commission |
| what did the voting rights act of 1965 do? | it kept the 15th amendment enforced, no literacy tests were given where less than half of people voted |
| in 196 what movement went national? | the civil rights movement |
| what was red lining? | not loaning money to african american people for a house |
| where were the worst race riots and why? | washington d.c. and because MLK was shot and killed |
| who was Stokely Carmichael? | he was a black activist that coined the term 'black power' |
| when were the black panthers created? | 1966 |
| what were the panthers' beliefs? | they thought that black people should act aggressively in defense, carry weapons, and that kids should have free breakfasts and medical care |
| what happened during the 1968 olympics? | two american winners held up a black-gloved fist in support of black rights and they were expelled for doing so |
| why did the civil rights movement decline? | economic troubles and white unions resisting the movement |
| what were Levittowns? | cookie-cutter neighborhoods for white people, had rules for living there like the HOA |
| what was the baby-boom? | post-war rise in births |
| what was the consumer revolution? | people buying new homes, frozen foods, record players, cigarettes, auto transmission |
Created by:
avdunk