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Hayley Lindfors

Physiology Stack 2 (wk 7-13)

QuestionAnswer
What is an action potential, and what causes it to occur? An action potential is a rapid, temporary reversal of membrane potential in a neuron. It occurs when depolarization reaches threshold, opening voltage-gated sodium channels and allowing Na+ to rush into the cell.
During repolarization, voltage-gated _____ channels open and _______ ions move out of the neuron. Potassium; potassium (K+)
What structures make up the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. The PNS consists of cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. The
The ________ division of the ANS is responsible for "fight or flight," while the ______ division is responsible for "rest and digest." sympathetic; parasympathetic
Which endocrine gland is considered the "master gland," and why? The pituitary gland is the master gland because it releases hormones that regulate other endocrine glands and many body functions.
The pacemaker of the heart is the _____ node, located in the _______ atrium. Sinoatrial (SA); right
What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells? Hemoglobin binds oxygen in the lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body.
What are the two major functions of the lymphatic system? It returns excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and plays a key role in immune defense by filtering pathogens and housing immune cells.
Gas exchange occurs in the _____ due to their thin walls and close association with _____ capillaries. alveoli; pulmonary
Where does most nutrient absorption occur, and why is this structure well-suited for absorption? Most absorption occurs in the small intestine because it has villi and microvilli that greatly increase the surface area.
Created by: hayley91
 

 



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