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Chapter 8&9
Terms and Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Norepinephrine | A neurotransmitter primarily released by sympathetic postganglionic neurons that increases heart rate and blood pressure during stress responses. |
| Acetylcholine | A neurotransmitter used by all somatic motor neurons and by parasympathetic autonomic neurons to stimulate target organs. |
| Neurotransmitter | A chemical messenger released by neurons to transmit signals across a synapse; examples include acetylcholine and norepinephrine. |
| Autonomic Ganglion | A cluster of neuron cell bodies located outside the central nervous system where preganglionic neurons synapse with postganglionic neurons. |
| Postganglionic Neuron | A neuron that extends from an autonomic ganglion to the target organ, such as a gland or smooth muscle. |
| Endocrine Gland | A ductless gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate body processes. |
| Hormone | A chemical messenger released by endocrine glands that travels through the blood to target tissues to regulate physiological functions. |
| Target Cell | A cell that has specific receptors for a hormone and responds to its action. |
| Sensory Receptor | A specialized cell or nerve ending that detects changes (stimuli) in the internal or external environment and converts them into nerve impulses. |
| Mechanoreceptor | A sensory receptor that responds to mechanical stimuli such as touch, pressure, vibration, and sound. |
Created by:
salikerr