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Gov Ch. 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Implementation | the role of the federal bureaucracy in putting laws passed by Congress into action |
| Bureaucratic discretion | the power bureaucrats have to interpret and decide how a law is implemented |
| Why do street level bureaucrats sometimes bend rules | to fulfill what they need to do in their day-to-day lives |
| Regulation | the process by which bureaucratic agencies make rules that have the force of law to carry out congressional legislation |
| Where are most regulatory agencies located | within the executive branch of the federal government |
| Bureaucratic adjudication | when bureaucratic agencies settle disputes and determine who qualifies under a regulation |
| How can bureaucracy act like a court | through bureaucratic adjudication where officials act like judges |
| Hatch Act 1939 | a law that restricts federal employees from engaging in partisan political activities |
| First step of policy implementation | defining the problem |
| Why is an unelected bureaucracy a potential danger | it may act against the common good since it is not directly accountable to voters |
| How does the civil service legitimize the bureaucracy | it connects bureaucrats to the public through merit |
| Agency capture | when regulatory agencies become dominated by the industries they are supposed to regulate |
| President’s check on the bureaucracy | appoints and removes top bureaucratic officials |
| Congress’s check on the bureaucracy | Senate confirmation and creating or terminating agencies |
| Federal courts’ check on the bureaucracy | can limit and rule against bureaucratic actions |
| Federal bureaucracy | departments and agencies in the executive branch that carry out laws |
| Bureaucrat | an official employed within a government bureaucracy |
| Constitutional basis of the bureaucracy | Article II of the Constitution - vesting executive power in the President (Vesting Clause), authorizing the President to appoint officers (Appointments Clause), and requiring the President to "take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed," |
| Political patronage | giving government jobs as rewards for political support |
| Which president expanded political patronage | Andrew Jackson |
| Pendleton Act (1883) | created the civil service system based on merit to reduce corruption |
| Federal civil service | Employees who interact on a day-to-day bases with citizens who are affected by policies (teachers, police officers, DMV workers, etc). Hired/promoted based on merit |
| How are civil servants expected to behave | politically neutral and restricted from campaigns |
| Merit system | hiring and promotion based on qualifications rather than political connections |
| Purpose of the Pendleton Act | to end the spoils system of political patronage by creating a merit-based system for federal jobs, ensuring hiring and promotion based on ability, not political connections, and making it illegal to fire employees for political reasons |
| Iron triangle | a mutually beneficial relationship among bureaucracy, Congress, and interest groups who collaborate or compete around a specific policy problem to influence policy |
| Issue network | loose connections among interest groups, policymakers, and experts who collaborate or compete around a specific policy problem in order to influence it |
| How the president ensures laws are carried out | oversees and directs the executive bureaucracy |
| Role of cabinet secretaries | manage departments under the president and rely on Congress for funding |
| Why iron triangles can hurt the common good | they prioritize narrow interests over the public interest |
| How bureaucracy creates regulations | uses delegated authority from Congress to write rules |
Created by:
katdolan