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ELA Exam 1

QuestionAnswer
What is plot? The ordered sequence of events in a story, driven by cause and effect and focused on the main conflict.
What is exposition? The beginning of the story that introduces characters, setting, and background.
What is the inciting incident? The event that disrupts normal life and starts the central conflict.
What is rising action? Events that build tension leading to the climax.
What is the climax? The turning point where conflict is at its highest.
What is falling action? Events after the climax that move toward resolution.
What is resolution? The ending where conflicts are resolved.
Who is Alice? A polite, imaginative seven-year-old girl who likes to show knowledge, values manners, and struggles with identity.
Who is the Queen of Hearts? A violent, authoritative tyrant who rules with fear and orders beheadings.
Who is the White Rabbit? A nervous, hurried character afraid of being late but confident enough to challenge authority.
Who is the Cheshire Cat? A mysterious guide who listens to Alice, explains Wonderland’s rules, and can disappear.
Who is the Mad Hatter? A rude, provoking character who becomes nervous when facing authority.
Who is the Duchess? A bad-tempered character who later becomes kind and moralizing.
Who is the Caterpillar? A rude but wise figure who questions Alice’s identity and helps her control her size.
What is the theme of Identity? Alice feels lost and works to understand who she is and where she belongs.
What is the theme of Change/Growing Up? Alice grows physically and emotionally, gaining maturity and perspective.
What does Wonderland symbolize? A topsy-turvy, illogical world that challenges logic and sense.
What is Man vs. Man? A physical conflict between characters.
What is Man vs. Self? A psychological struggle within a character.
What is Man vs. Nature? A conflict between a character and natural forces.
What is Man vs. Circumstance? A struggle against fate or life situations.
What is personification? Giving human qualities to non-human things.
What is a simile? A comparison using "like" or "as."
What is a metaphor? A direct comparison between two unlike things.
What is an idiom? A phrase with a meaning different from the literal words.
What is hyperbole? Extreme exaggeration.
What is alliteration? Repetition of beginning sounds.
What is onomatopoeia? Words that imitate sounds.
What is a utopia? An ideally perfect society.
What is a dystopia? An oppressive society disguised as perfect.
What are dystopian elements? Restricted freedom, constant surveillance, fear of outside world, ruler worship, illusion of perfection, dehumanized living, doing things for the greater good.
What inspires the animals to rebel? Old Major’s speech.
What happens after Mr. Jones is overthrown? The farm is renamed Animal Farm and Seven Commandments are created.
What conflict happens between Snowball and Napoleon? Disagreement over the windmill.
How does Napoleon gain power? He uses dogs to chase Snowball away.
What happens to the animals’ living conditions? Animals work harder while pigs gain privileges.
What happens to Boxer? He collapses and is sent to the glue factory.
How do the Commandments change? They are rewritten to excuse pigs’ behavior.
How does the novel end? Pigs act like humans; animals cannot tell pigs from men.
Who is Napoleon? A pig dictator representing Joseph Stalin.
Who is Old Major? The revolutionary thinker representing Marx/Lenin.
Who is Snowball? An idealistic planner representing Leon Trotsky.
Who is Boxer? The loyal working class.
Who is Squealer? Government propaganda and media manipulation.
Who is Mr. Jones? The former ruler representing Czar Nicholas 2.
Who is Benjamin? A cynical intellectual who does nothing.
Who is Mollie? The upper class who cares about comfort.
Who are the dogs? Napoleon’s secret police.
What does oppression and fear show? Power changes hands but oppression remains.
What does rebellion show? Revolutions can become corrupt dictatorships.
What does hope for the future show? Hope can be crushed by corrupt leadership.
First Commandment Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy
Second Commandment Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend
Third Commandment No animal shall wear clothes
Fourth Commandment No animal shall sleep in a bed
Fifth Commandment No animal shall drink alcohol
Sixth Commandment No animal shall kill any other animal
Seventh Commandment All animals are equal
How is society organized? Into factions based on values.
Who is Tris? A girl who discovers she is Divergent and resists control.
Why are Divergent people dangerous to the government? They cannot be controlled by simulations.
How does the Divergent end? Rebellion begins against the government.
Who is Tris (Beatrice Prior)? The brave, questioning main character.
Who is Four (Tobias Eaton)? A Dauntless leader with an abusive past.
Who is Jeanine? The Erudite leader and antagonist.
Who is Christina? Tris’s friend in Dauntless.
Who is Peter? A violent bully.
Who is Caleb? Tris’s intelligent brother who joins Erudite.
What is the theme of Identity in Divergent? Society forces categories, but Tris refuses to fit one.
What is Conformity vs. Individuality? Thinking for yourself versus following society.
What is the theme of Control? The government controls minds and behavior.
What does courage represent? Physical and emotional bravery.
What does Divergent symbolize? Free thinking and individuality.
What does Dauntless symbolize? Bravery and recklessness.
What do factions symbolize? Human nature divided into pieces.
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