The oral cavity is the mouth, where food is ingested, chewed, and mixed with saliva to begin digestion.

The pharynx is a muscular passageway that transports food from the mouth to the esophagus during swallowing.

The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing.

The esophagus is a muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach by peristalsis.

The stomach is a muscular organ that stores food and begins protein digestion using acid and enzymes.

The small intestine is the primary site of digestion and nutrient absorption.

The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine where chemical digestion occurs with bile and pancreatic enzymes.

The jejunum is the middle part of the small intestine responsible for most nutrient absorption.

The ileum is the final part of the small intestine that absorbs vitamin B₁₂, bile salts, and remaining nutrients.

The cecum is a pouch at the beginning of the large intestine that receives digested material from the ileum.

The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes and forms feces from indigestible material.

The ascending colon is the first section of the colon that moves fecal material upward on the right side of the abdomen while absorbing water.

The transverse colon is the horizontal section of the colon that continues water absorption and moves feces across the abdomen.

The descending colon is the section of the colon that moves feces downward on the left side of the abdomen.

The sigmoid colon is an S-shaped section of the colon that stores feces before they enter the rectum.

The rectum is the final straight portion of the large intestine that stores feces before elimination.

The anus is the opening at the end of the digestive tract that controls the expulsion of feces from the body.

Salivary glands produce saliva, which moistens food and contains enzymes that begin carbohydrate digestion.

Teeth mechanically break down food into smaller pieces to aid swallowing and digestion.

The tongue is a muscular organ that moves food in the mouth, forms it into a bolus, and helps with swallowing.

The uvula is a small projection at the back of the soft palate that helps close off the nasal cavity during swallowing.

The liver produces bile, which helps digest fats, and processes nutrients absorbed from the digestive tract.

The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate into the small intestine to aid digestion.

The appendix is a small, finger-like pouch attached to the cecum, thought to play a role in immune function.

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digestion

Term	Definition
oral cavity	The oral cavity is the mouth, where food is ingested, chewed, and mixed with saliva to begin digestion.
pharynx	The pharynx is a muscular passageway that transports food from the mouth to the esophagus during swallowing.
epiglottis	The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing.
esophagus	The esophagus is a muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach by peristalsis.
stomach	The stomach is a muscular organ that stores food and begins protein digestion using acid and enzymes.
small intestine	The small intestine is the primary site of digestion and nutrient absorption.
duodenum	The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine where chemical digestion occurs with bile and pancreatic enzymes.
jejunum	The jejunum is the middle part of the small intestine responsible for most nutrient absorption.
ilem	The ileum is the final part of the small intestine that absorbs vitamin B₁₂, bile salts, and remaining nutrients.
cecum	The cecum is a pouch at the beginning of the large intestine that receives digested material from the ileum.
large intestine	The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes and forms feces from indigestible material.
ascending colon	The ascending colon is the first section of the colon that moves fecal material upward on the right side of the abdomen while absorbing water.
transverse colon	The transverse colon is the horizontal section of the colon that continues water absorption and moves feces across the abdomen.
descending colon	The descending colon is the section of the colon that moves feces downward on the left side of the abdomen.
sigmoid	The sigmoid colon is an S-shaped section of the colon that stores feces before they enter the rectum.
rectum	The rectum is the final straight portion of the large intestine that stores feces before elimination.
anus	The anus is the opening at the end of the digestive tract that controls the expulsion of feces from the body.
salivary glands	Salivary glands produce saliva, which moistens food and contains enzymes that begin carbohydrate digestion.
teeth	Teeth mechanically break down food into smaller pieces to aid swallowing and digestion.
tongue	The tongue is a muscular organ that moves food in the mouth, forms it into a bolus, and helps with swallowing.
uvula	The uvula is a small projection at the back of the soft palate that helps close off the nasal cavity during swallowing.
liver	The liver produces bile, which helps digest fats, and processes nutrients absorbed from the digestive tract.
pancreas	The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate into the small intestine to aid digestion.
appendix	The appendix is a small, finger-like pouch attached to the cecum, thought to play a role in immune function.

Created by: user-1898028

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