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World History Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| naturalism | a truth to nature |
| nationalism | pride in your nationality |
| vernacular | european languages, German, Italian, Spanish, French, and English. |
| patron | to give artists financial support |
| renaissance | rebirth |
| Lorenzo de Medici | known as "the magnificent" because of his learning and support of scholars and artists. Cosimo's grandson |
| Johannes Gutenberg | German printer, perfected the printing press, made the gutenberg bible |
| Albrecht Durer | known as "German Leonardo" because he was skilled in many arts. raised Germany's artistic standards. |
| Leonardo da Vinci | known as "renaissance man". famous for being an artist, scientist, inventor, and observer. painted the Mona Lisa and the last supper. |
| Michelangelo | educated at the Medici palace, became a painter, sculptor, architect, and poet. sculpted David and Pieta, painted the Sistine chapel ceiling. |
| indulgences | special pardons. Luther's protest to selling the indulgences starts the reformation. |
| protestants | followers of Luther and other reformers protests |
| liturgy | form of worship |
| Martin Luther | german monk |
| John Calvin | had the greatest impact on europes religious world. |
| Columbus | Italian navigator, used caravels during his historic voyage to the Americas. created a link between old world and new world |
| Pizarro | Conquistador, had 200 men and superior weapons and horses. (Inca, Peru) |
| caravel | light ship with triangular sails and was borrowed from Arab mariners |
| mercantilism | a system in which government protects and regulates trade to create wealth at the expense of rival powers and competition |
| Columbian exchange | the creation of regular interchange between the Eastern and Western hemispheres, and the integration of previously isolated peoples into global networks |
| Balboa | crossed through Panama with his crew, first Europeans to see the Pacific Ocean. (conquistador) (Panama, pacific ocean) |
| Cortes | most successful of the conquistadors, launched an invasion on Mexico in 1519 with 500 men. (Aztecs) |
| circumnavigate | travel all around (Ferdinand Magellan) |
| conquistadors | the spanish soldiers and adventurers who led the conquest of the Americas (Portuguese too) |
| Atahaulpa | newly appointed inca emperor in 1532, had over 5,000 warriors. (Inca,Peru) |
| capitalism | free market economic system in which businesses are privately owned and exist for the purpose of making profits |
| Northwest passage | a sea route from the atlantic ocean to the Pacific by way of series of arctic northern Canadian islands |
| Vasco da Gama | Portuguese navigator, began exploring the east African coast and crossed the Indian ocean to India. knowledge on sea routes, marveled merchant ships. |
| joint-stock company | sold shares of stocks to investors who became partners in the venture |
| Dutch east India co | Established in 1602, Europes largest commercial enterprise, rich and more power than England's company |
| Olaudah Equiano | former African slave, wrote a slave narrative. described the horrors of being a slave |
| triangular trade | connected europe, africa, and the Americas from the 1500s-1800s |
| Juan Ponce de Leon | First European to set foot in Florida, and claimed it for spain. |
| Francisco Vasquez de Coronado | he and his men explored now california and parts of the southwest, hoped to find the legendary 7 cities of cibola. |
| Middle passage | The journey by slave ships across the Atlantic from West Africa to the americas |
| Elizabeth 1 | Supported the church of england. Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn |
| James 1 | Believed he had a god-given right. absolute monarch. unwilling to share power with parliament |
| Louis XIV | ascended the throne at 5 years old. became a monarch of legendary power. relied on a cardinal |
| Charles 1 | took the throne, ruled the netherlands, southern Italy, and spain. (hapsburg) |
| Oliver Cromwell | a puritan and member of parliament, organized opposition to the king's forces. |
| absolute monarch | a government in which the monarch has unlimited authority |
| constitutional monarch | a government in which the monarchs power is limited by a constitution. |
| orthodoxy | established beliefs and practices (religion) |
| sovereignty | right to control their own affairs |
| divine right | monarch has a god-given right to rule |
Created by:
eoehmke