A leader of Athens during the Golden Age who defended democracy in the Funeral Oration.

What did Pericles believe democracy should be based on?

Equality under the law + leadership based on merit.

3. What does Pericles think true freedom requires?

Courage, responsibility, and participation in public life.

4. What are “unwritten laws” in Pericles’ idea of Athens?

Moral values like honor, fairness, and respect that come from conscience.

Why does Pericles call Athens the “School of Hellas”?

Because Athens is a model of culture, intelligence, freedom, and good citizenship for all of Greece.

6. What did Protagoras believe about virtue?

Virtue and justice are not natural; they are learned.

7. Why must justice belong to everyone, according to Protagoras?

Because society collapses if only a few people are moral.

8. How does punishment function in Protagoras’ philosophy?

Punishment teaches correct behavior; it is a form of education.

9. Why can every citizen participate in democracy, according to Protagoras?

Because all humans share basic moral judgment, not technical skill.

10. What does Protagoras mean by “Man is the measure of all things”?

Truth and value depend on human experience and perspective.

11. Why are humans born “weak” in the myth?

Epimetheus gives abilities to animals but forgets humans.

12. What does Prometheus give to humans?

Fire (intelligence) and techne (skills like building, medicine, and toolmaking).

13. What problem appears after humans gain techne?

They become dangerous and violent, using skills to harm each other.

14. What two moral gifts does Zeus give humans?

Aidos (respect/shame) and Dike (justice/fairness).

15. Why must Aidos and Dike be given to every human?

Because society cannot exist unless all humans share morality.

16. Where does the original Prometheus myth come from?

From the poet Hesiod (8th century BCE).

17. What did Protagoras add to the original myth?

Human weakness, techne, the role of Zeus giving Aidos & Dike, and the idea that justice is universal.

18. Why did Protagoras use a myth instead of a logical argument?

Because myths were familiar to Athenians and easier to understand.

19. How does the myth support democracy?

It shows Zeus gave morality to all humans → everyone has the right to participate.

20. Which two concepts belong to the same philosopher?

Protagoras’ “virtue is learned” AND the Prometheus myth—both are his concepts.

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Philosophy 1 eng.

Question	Answer
Who was Pericles?	A leader of Athens during the Golden Age who defended democracy in the Funeral Oration.
What did Pericles believe democracy should be based on?	Equality under the law + leadership based on merit.
3. What does Pericles think true freedom requires?	Courage, responsibility, and participation in public life.
4. What are “unwritten laws” in Pericles’ idea of Athens?	Moral values like honor, fairness, and respect that come from conscience.
Why does Pericles call Athens the “School of Hellas”?	Because Athens is a model of culture, intelligence, freedom, and good citizenship for all of Greece.
6. What did Protagoras believe about virtue?	Virtue and justice are not natural; they are learned.
7. Why must justice belong to everyone, according to Protagoras?	Because society collapses if only a few people are moral.
8. How does punishment function in Protagoras’ philosophy?	Punishment teaches correct behavior; it is a form of education.
9. Why can every citizen participate in democracy, according to Protagoras?	Because all humans share basic moral judgment, not technical skill.
10. What does Protagoras mean by “Man is the measure of all things”?	Truth and value depend on human experience and perspective.
11. Why are humans born “weak” in the myth?	Epimetheus gives abilities to animals but forgets humans.
12. What does Prometheus give to humans?	Fire (intelligence) and techne (skills like building, medicine, and toolmaking).
13. What problem appears after humans gain techne?	They become dangerous and violent, using skills to harm each other.
14. What two moral gifts does Zeus give humans?	Aidos (respect/shame) and Dike (justice/fairness).
15. Why must Aidos and Dike be given to every human?	Because society cannot exist unless all humans share morality.
16. Where does the original Prometheus myth come from?	From the poet Hesiod (8th century BCE).
17. What did Protagoras add to the original myth?	Human weakness, techne, the role of Zeus giving Aidos & Dike, and the idea that justice is universal.
18. Why did Protagoras use a myth instead of a logical argument?	Because myths were familiar to Athenians and easier to understand.
19. How does the myth support democracy?	It shows Zeus gave morality to all humans → everyone has the right to participate.
20. Which two concepts belong to the same philosopher?	Protagoras’ “virtue is learned” AND the Prometheus myth—both are his concepts.

Created by: user-2007966

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