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BIOL 1101 Final

Pre-Class Notes, Nov 24

QuestionAnswer
What are gametes? two specialized cells, each contain one set of chromosomes, form together to make a zygote
What is meiosis? nuclear division to create haploid from diploid
What happens at prophase 1? nuclear envelope breaks down and proteins with chromosomes bring pairs together
What is the synaptonemal complex lattice of proteins between homologous chromosomes on top of each other
what is synpasis? tight pairing of homologous chromosomes
What does synapsis allow for? crossing over to happen?
What are tetrads? at the end of prophase 1, 4 sister chromatid pairs are now each visible
What is the key event at prometaphase 1? attachment of spindle fiber microtubules to the kinetochore proteins at centromeres
What are kinetochore proteins? centromeres of a chromosome TO microtubules of mitotic spindle
Where are the chromosomes at metaphase 1? homologous chromosomes arranged at metaphase plate
How are homologous pairs oriented at the equator? randomly, second time genetic diversity happens (after crossing-over)
What happens at anaphase 1? chiasmata broken apart, allowing the homologous chromosomes to be pulled apart
What happens at telophase 1 and cytokinesis? similar to regular mitosis telophase and cytokineses, BUT each chromosome are still sister chromatids after separating
What are the cells considered after telophase 1 and cytokinesis? haploid because there is only one chromosome set
What can occur before meiosis II starts? interkinesis - no S phase but similar o before
What happens at prophase II? chromosomes recondense, nuclear envelope fragments into vesicles, new spindles are formed
What happens at prometaphase II? nuclear envelope fully breaks down, spindle fully formed, sister chromatid forms kinetochore attaching to microtubules from opposite poles
What occurs at anaphase II? sister chromatids are pulled apart by kinetochore microtibulues -> move toward opposite poles
Created by: goldengalleon
 

 



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