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SOC 1001 FINAL EXAM
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Social inequality | Unequal distribution of resources, opportunities, and rewards in society. |
| Stratification | A structured system that ranks groups based on unequal access to resources. |
| Social class | A category of people who share a similar social and economic position. |
| Income | Money received from wages, salaries, or investments. |
| Wealth | Total value of all assets a person owns. |
| Power | Ability to influence or control others. |
| Prestige | Social respect or honor given to a person or status. |
| Esteem | Social value or regard given to an individual. |
| Bourgeoisie | Capitalist class that owns the means of production. |
| Proletariat | Working class who sell their labor. |
| Class consciousness | Awareness of one's shared class position and interests. |
| False consciousness | Lack of awareness of true class position. |
| Class system (Weber) | Ranking based on economic factors like wealth and income. |
| Status group (Weber) | Group ranked by social prestige or honor. |
| Conspicuous consumption | Displaying wealth through visible, expensive purchases. |
| Davis–Moore thesis | Inequality is necessary to motivate people to fill important social roles. |
| Dominant ideology | Beliefs that justify and maintain social inequality. |
| Objective method | Measuring class using observable data like income and occupation. |
| Multiple measures | Using several indicators to determine social class. |
| Absolute poverty | Not having enough resources for basic survival. |
| Relative poverty | Poverty defined by comparison to others in society. |
| Feminization of poverty | Women making up a disproportionate share of the poor. |
| Life chances | Opportunities for access to resources such as education, health, and housing. |
| Theory of cumulative disadvantage | Early disadvantages compound and increase over time. |
| Relationship to physical health | Higher class correlates with better health outcomes. |
| Open system | System that allows social mobility. |
| Closed system | System with little or no mobility. |
| Globalization (functionalist) | Globalization increases efficiency and benefits societies. |
| Globalization (conflict) | Globalization increases inequality and exploits poorer nations. |