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1st Six Weeks
Vocabulary for atomic structures and properties
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Element | A substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means. |
| Atom | The smallest particle of an element. |
| Nucleus | The central core of an atom containing protons and usually neutrons. |
| Proton | A small, positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Neutron | Small, uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Electron | A tiny, negatively charged, high-energy particle that moves in the space outside the nucleus of an atom. |
| Atomic Number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atome. |
| Atomic Mass | The average mass of one atom of an element. |
| Valence Electron | The electrons that are farthest away from or most loosely held by the nucleus of an atom and are involved in chemical reactions. |
| Physical Properties | Can be observed without changing the substance into something else. |
| Chemical Properties | Observed when a substance interacts with another substance. |
| Periodic Table | An arrangement of the elements in order of atomic number, in which elements with similar properties are grouped in columns. |
| Group | Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table, also called a family |
| Period | A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table. |
| Chemical Equation | A short, easy way to show a chemical reaction, using symbols instead of words. |
| Formula | A combination of symbols that shows the ratio of the elements in a compound. |
| Molecule | A combination of two or more atoms that are bonded together. |
| Compound | A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio. |
| Subscript | A number in a chemical formula that tells the number of atoms in a molecule or the ratio of elements in a compound. |
| Reactant | A substance that enters into a chemical reaction. |
| Product | A substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction. |
| Conservation of Mass | The principle stating that matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. |
| Coefficient | A number placed in front of a chemical formula in an equation. It tells you how many atoms or molecules of each reactant and product take part in the reaction. |
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