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1st Six Weeks
Vocabulary for atomic structures and properties
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Element | A substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means. |
Atom | The smallest particle of an element. |
Nucleus | The central core of an atom containing protons and usually neutrons. |
Proton | A small, positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom. |
Neutron | Small, uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom. |
Electron | A tiny, negatively charged, high-energy particle that moves in the space outside the nucleus of an atom. |
Atomic Number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atome. |
Atomic Mass | The average mass of one atom of an element. |
Valence Electron | The electrons that are farthest away from or most loosely held by the nucleus of an atom and are involved in chemical reactions. |
Physical Properties | Can be observed without changing the substance into something else. |
Chemical Properties | Observed when a substance interacts with another substance. |
Periodic Table | An arrangement of the elements in order of atomic number, in which elements with similar properties are grouped in columns. |
Group | Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table, also called a family |
Period | A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table. |
Chemical Equation | A short, easy way to show a chemical reaction, using symbols instead of words. |
Formula | A combination of symbols that shows the ratio of the elements in a compound. |
Molecule | A combination of two or more atoms that are bonded together. |
Compound | A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio. |
Subscript | A number in a chemical formula that tells the number of atoms in a molecule or the ratio of elements in a compound. |
Reactant | A substance that enters into a chemical reaction. |
Product | A substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction. |
Conservation of Mass | The principle stating that matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. |
Coefficient | A number placed in front of a chemical formula in an equation. It tells you how many atoms or molecules of each reactant and product take part in the reaction. |