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Plant Science Exam 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The "Light Reactions" are the first steps of photosynthesis. These reactions convert light into chemical energy that is then used in the Calvin Cycle. What is this chemical energy? A) fatty acids B) nitrogen C) pectin D) ATP and NADPH E) None | D) ATP and NADPH |
| Photosynthesis takes place in the ________ that are found in the leaf mesophyll cells. A) Mitochondria B) Vacuole C) Chloroplasts D) Golgi Apparatus E) None | C) Chloroplast |
| The primary pigment in plant leaves that absorb the light energy needed for photosynthesis. A) Potassium B) Chlorophyll C) Starch D) Sucrose E) None | B) Chlorophyll |
| Which of the following light wavelengths provides the most energy for photosynthesis because they are absorbed by plant pigments? A) Blue and Red B) Green and Yellow C) Infrared D) UV E) None | A) Blue and Red |
| The Calvin Cycle is the last process of the carbon reactions of photosynthesis, and converts CO2 to _______, which is energy that can be transported to various plant parts for growth or storage. A) Sugar B) Phospholipid C) Cellulose D) Carotenoid | A) Sugar |
| What are the small pores/openings located on the surface of the leaf called? A) Pith B) Xylem C) Phloem D) Cuticle E) Parenchema F) Stomata | F) Stomata |
| What is the driving force that moves water through plants during transpiration? A) Water potential gradient B) Protein Pumps C) Syphoning by plant cells D) Bacteria carrying the water E) None | A) Water Potential Gradient |
| The ________ is a physical barrier between cells in the root that forces water to move through root endodermis cells prior to entering the xylem. A) Tracheids B) Pith C) Casparian Strip D) Cuticle E) None | C) Casparian Strip |
| _____ is an essential nutrient in plants because it is needed for plants to open and close leaf stomata. A) Nitrogen B) Phosphorus C) Potassium D) Iron E) Sulfur | C) Potassium |
| The development of new plant structures such as producing new leaves after emergence from the soil requires light exposure. This is referred to as ______. A) Phototropism B) Photoperiodism C) Photomorphogenesis D) Pigmentation E) None | C) Photomorphogenesis |
| The most important and abundant enzyme in all plants because it catalyzes the reaction that fixes CO2 into a stable 3 carbon molecule, which is part of the Calvin Cycle. A) Rubisco B) PEP carboxylase C) Pyruvate decarboxylase D) Kinase E) None | A) Rubisco |
| The plant pigment that receives the light signal in light regulated plant growth and development such as photoperiodism and phototropism. A) Chlorophyll B) Carotenoid C) Phytochrome D) Primordia E) All are correct | C) Phytochrome |
| What is the plant part that receives the light signal that causes the plant to flower in short-day and long-day plants? A) Embryo B) Stem C) Axillary Bud D) Leaf E) Root | D) Leaf |
| Desert plants that only open leaf stomata at night to capture CO2 for photosynthesis. | CAM |
| Plants with a higher photosynthesis efficiency, high water use efficiency, and are favored in higher temperatures | C4 |
| Plants with a reaction called photorespiration that reduces photosynthetic efficiency and are favored by cooler temperatures. | C3 |
| CO2+H2O -> C6H12O6+O2: Which two parts of the summary reaction are the chemical inputs? | CO2 and H2O |
| CO2+H2O -> C6H12O6+O2: Which two parts of the summary reaction are included in the carbon reactions? | CO2 and C6H12O6 |
| Describe 3 environmental conditions that would cause transpiration rates to increase. | 1) Warmer temperatures 2) More water 3) Higher wind speeds 4) More sunlight |
| Describe 2 crop production practices that can increase the amount of light intercepted by a plant during its growth. | 1) Starter Fertilizer 2) Narrow Row Spacing 3) Higher plant densities |
| Describe the difference between a short-day and long-day plant. | Short-day: Plants that flower when the days are shorter and nights are longer (require more darkness to flower) Long-Day: Plants that flower when the days are longer and the nights are shorter |
| Although approximately 95-99 percent of the water taken up by plants is lost through transpiration, it is still a vital process for plant growth. Describe 3 purposes of transpiration. | 1) Absorption of water 2) Absorption of nutrients 3) Cooling of the plant 4) Allows CO2 entry into leaves for photosynthesis |
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