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Endocrine System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| -Crine | to secrete |
| -Dipsia | thirst. |
| -ism | condition |
| -Tropic | turning |
| Acro- | extremities |
| Acromegaly | abnormal enlargement of the extremities caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone after puberty |
| Adeno- | gland |
| Adenohypophysis | anterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
| Neurohypophysis | posterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
| Adrenal glands | a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help arouse the body in times of stress. |
| Adrenalitis | inflammation of the adrenal glands |
| Adrenocorticotropic | stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland to produce its own hormones |
| Antidiuretic hormone | produced by the pituitary |
| BS | blood sugar |
| Cortico- | pertaining to the cortex of adrenal gland |
| Cretinism | is a condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth from untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormone |
| Diabetes mellitus | metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion |
| Diabetic retinopathy | "occurs when diabetes damages blood vessels in the retina |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| Electrolytes | minerals like sodium and potassium that help maintain the body's fluid balance |
| Endocrine | glands that secrete hormones |
| Exocrine | A gland that makes substances such as sweat |
| Exophthalmos | a condition where one or both eyes protrude from their normal position |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | diabetes that develops during pregnancy and that usually resolves after pregnancy |
| Glucagon | "secreted by the pancreas |
| Glucose | sugar |
| Glyc/o | glucose sugar |
| Goiter | enlargement of the thyroid gland. |
| Grave's disease | an autoimmune disorder that is caused by hyperthyroidism and is characterized by goiter and/or exophthalmos |
| Gynecomastia | the condition of excessive mammary development in the male |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | an autoimmune disease in which the body's own antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland |
| Hirsutism | a chronic condition that causes women to grow excessive amounts of coarse |
| Hormone | chemical substances secreted by endocrine glands |
| Hypercalcemia | abnormally high concentrations of calcium circulating in the blood instead of being stored in the bones |
| Hypocalcemia | excessive low calcium in the blood |
| Hyperglycemia | an abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood |
| Hyperkalemia | excessive potassium in the blood |
| Hyperthyroidism | an imbalance of metabolism caused by the overproduction of thyroid hormones |
| Hypoglycemia | an abnormally low concentration of glucose in the blood |
| Hyponatremia | deficient sodium in the blood |
| Hypophysis | pituitary gland |
| Hypothyroidism | caused by a deficiency of thyroid secretion; also known as an underactive thyroid |
| Islet of langerhans | cells is the pancreas that secrete insulin |
| IDDM | insulin dependent diabetes mellitus |
| Insulin | regulates the transport of glucose to body cells and stimulates the conversion of excess glucose to glycogen for storage |
| Ketoacidosis | a metabolic condition that occurs when the body produces too many ketone bodies |
| Melatonin | A hormone manufactured by the pineal gland that produces sleepiness. |
| Metabolism | chemical reaction in cells that provide energy for vital body processes |
| Myxedema | the thickened |
| of patients in a markedly hypothyroid state. | |
| NIDDM | non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus |
| Pancreas | helps maintain blood glucose |
| Pancreat/o | pancreas. |
| Parathyroidectomy | the surgical removal of one or more of the parathyroid glands |
| Pheochromocytoma | tumor of the adrenal medulla |
| Pineal gland | superior to the pituitary gland secretes melatonin |
| Polydipsia | excessive thirst (as in cases of diabetes or kidney dysfunction) |
| Polyphagia | excessive hunger; increased appetite |
| Polyuria | renal disorder characterized by the production of large volumes of pale dilute urine |
| Somat/o | body. |
| Virilism | female developing male characteristics |
Created by:
mamacote