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digestion

TermDefinition
oral cavity Where digestion begins. Food is chewed and mixed with saliva.
pharynx The throat area that helps move food from the mouth to the esophagus.
epiglottis A small flap that closes over your airway when you swallow so food doesn’t go into your lungs.
esophagus A muscular tube that pushes food down into the stomach.
stomach Breaks down food using acid and enzymes, turning it into a soft mixture.
small intestine Where most digestion and nutrient absorption happens.
duodenum First part; receives food from the stomach and mixes it with enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver.
jejunum Middle part; absorbs most nutrients.
ILeum Final part; absorbs vitamins and leftover nutrients before sending food to the large intestine.
cecum A pouch connecting the small intestine to the large intestine.
large intestine Absorbs water and forms solid waste.
transverse colon moves waste across the abdomen.
descending colon moves waste downward on the left side.
sigmoid colon S-shaped section that leads to the rectum.
ascending colon moves waste upward on the right side.
rectum Stores waste until it’s ready to leave the body.
anus The opening where waste exits the body, controlled by muscles called sphincters.
salivary gland Produce saliva to help break food down.
teeth Break food into smaller pieces to make it easier to digest.
tongue Helps move food and assists with swallowing and tasting.
uvula The small soft tissue at the back of the throat that helps with speech and keeps food moving correctly.
liver Makes bile, which helps break down fats.
pancreas Releases digestive enzymes that break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
appendix A small pouch attached to the cecum. Its job isn’t fully clear, but it may support gut bacteria and immune function.
upper esophageal Opens to allow food to enter the esophagus from the throat.
lower esophageal Prevents stomach acid from coming back up into the esophagus.
pyloric Controls how much digested food leaves the stomach and enters the duodenum.
Created by: user-1975476
 

 



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