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English final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scansion | visual code for marking meter in a poem |
| What usually gets unstressed | minor words in a sentence: articles, conjunctions, particles, pronouns, etc |
| Iambic meter | unstressed stressed |
| Trochaic meter | Stressed unstressed |
| Anapestic meter | unstressed, unstressed, stressed |
| Dactylic meter | stressed, unstressed, unstressed |
| Spondee | Stressed, stressed |
| Pyrrhic | unstressed, unstressed |
| Catalexis | Line with a missing syllable |
| Hypercatalexis | line with an extra syllable |
| Accentual-syllabic meter | lines have a consistent number of accents and syllables in a regular pattern (Iambic Pentameter, Trochaic Trimeter) |
| Accentual meter | The number of syllables may vary between lines but the number of accents in a line is consistent |
| Syllabic meter | Lines have a consistent number of syllables, but stresses don't follow a consistent pattern |
| A poem contains two terms if its | Accentual-syllabic meter (Iambic Pentameter) |
| Monometer | 1 accent or foot per line |
| Dimeter | 2 accents or feet per line |
| Trimeter | 3 accents or feet per line |
| Tetrameter | 4 accents or feet per line |
| Pentameter | 5 accents or feet per line |
| Hexameter | 6 accents or feet per line |
| Heptameter | 7 accents or feet per line |
| Octameter | 8 accents or feet per line |
| How do we know meter is real | Poets refer to meter in their poetry, poets often cheat to satisfy meter |
| How do poets cheat to satisfy meter? | Contractions: cheating to reduce the number of syllables. Distortion of ordinary english syntax |
| Rhythm | is the emphasis we give words and syllables when reading aloud or in our heads |
| meter | is the internal stresses of a poetic line, typically more objective and less individualized than rhythm |
| End rhyme | poetry with rhyming words at the end of lines |
| Perfect rhyme | words that rhyme exactly like "fair" and "hair" |
| Heroic couplets | Paired lines in Iambic Pentameter with end rhyme (AA BB CC) |
| Internal rhyme | Poetry with rhyming words in the middle of lines. The rhyme can occur in the same line or across adjacent lines |
| Identical Rhyme | Repetition of the same word to form a rhyme |
| Imperfect rhyme | AKA slant rhyme. Words that are similar or not exact rhymes |
| Eye rhyme | A rhyme involving two words that are spelled in a similar way but pronounced differently |
| Alliteration | repetition of the same sounds at the beginning of different words |
| Consonance | repetition of the same consonant sounds in different words |
| Assonance | repetition of the same vowel sounds in different words |
| Sonnet | Iambic Pentameter, 14 lines |
| Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet | ABBA ABBA CDE CDE/ CDC CDC. Octave/sestet with turn/volta and problem/resolution structure |
| English (Shakespearean) sonnet | ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. Turn/volta can come in the sestet or final couplet; final couplet often a summary statement rather than a turn or resolution |
| Ballad | Quatrains with alternating Iambic Tetrameter and Iambic Trimeter. ABCB DEFE |
| Blues | Three lines, first two repeat (with slight variations), third differs, developing or resolving or answering the idea in the first two lines. AAA BBB |
| Villanelle | 19 lines with five tercets followed by a quatrain. Two refrains comprised of lines one and three of the first tercet. Subsequent tercets alternate their third lines with the refrains (1 then 3, 1 then 3) |
| Villanelle continued | Quatrain ends with both refrains (lines 1 and 3). Only one rhyme used throughout, ABA, ABA, ABA... ABAA |
| Example of Villanelle continued | Do not go gentle into that good night Dylan Thomas |
| Haiku | three line poem with five syllables in the first line, seven syllables in the second, five syllables in the third. Typically it's a single image with metaphorical or symbolic significance. Traditionally has a caesura |
| Pantoum | comprised of quatrains in which lines two and four of the first quatrain are repeated as lines 1 and 3 of the subsequent quatrain. The final stanza includes lines 1 and 3 of the first stanza as lines 4 and 2. ABAB, BCBC |
| Ghazal | Traditionally comprised of 5-12 couplets with no enjambment between or within couplets. Should be a volta between lines one and two in each couplet. Should use a consistent meter throughout. |
| Ghazal continued | Last couplet may be a signature couplet in which the poet uses their name. aa,xa,xa,xa... End of each line in the first couplet and second line of each subsequent couplet must use the refrain. Before each refrain there's a rhyme |
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user-1996284