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Experimental psych
Stack #4590359
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| extraneous variable | may not be able to can affect the whole outcome. |
| confounds | alternative explanations on why the outcome occurred. confused about what the real cause was. |
| parts of lit review | title page, abstract, intro, methods, results, discussion, references, tables and figures, and appendix. |
| past studies | should be written in the past tense not present. |
| placebo affect | fake drug or treatment |
| single blind experiments | participants don't know if they are in the experimental or control group. |
| double blind experiments | neither the participant or the experimenter. know who is in experimental or control group. |
| test=retest reliability | score would be similar to previous test |
| bias sample | unrepresentative sample |
| unbias sample | representative sample |
| content sample | easy to contact |
| systematic sample | experimenter can pick out every fourth or seventh person in a room. |
| snowball sample | rare population you need to achieve |
| Cohens D small effect size | 0.2 |
| Cohens D medium effect size | 0.5 |
| Cohens D large effect size | 0.8 |
| Control variable | held constant on purpose |
| Selection affect | different participants from those in the other group. happens when experimenter lets participants choose what group they want to be in. |
| participant observation | might live in same population as the people you are studying. |
| in-depth interview | qualitative method. interview them to get information. |
| focus group | interview conducted with 6-10 people, all of whom had experience with the research topic. |
| quantitive | numbers |
| qualitative | interviews |
| mixed methods | both quantitive and qualitative. |
| one-tailed test | clear ideal |
| two-tailed test | more direction |
| Coefficient R small correlation | .0, >.10 |
| Coefficient R medium correlation | .3, .5 |
| Coefficient R high correlation | .7, 1 |
| Coefficient R perfect correlation | 1 |
| P<.5 | reject null, accept alternative hypothesis |
| P>.5 | no significance |
| affect size | magnitude of the affect that we see. |
| outlier | extreme score or few scores that stand out. |
| positive correlation | a relationship between two variables where they both increase or decrease together |
| negative correlation | a relationship between two variables that move in opposite directions |
| curvy linear association | high, low, then drops. example: haunted house |
| multiple regression analysis | looking at whether two key variables still hold true when throwing in another variable. |
| predictor variable | independent variable |
| criterion variable | dependent variable |
| independent groups design | separate groups of participant are placed in different levels of the independent variable. |
| within group design | each participant is presented with all levels of the independent variable |
| post test only design | participants randomly assigned to random groups and are only tested on the dependent variable once. |
| past test design | tested on dependent twice |
| quota sampling | certain target number for groups. |
| confederate | actor playing a role for the experimenter. |
| frequency claim | describes particular rate or degree of a variable. |
| association claim | argues that 1 level of the variable is likely to be associated with the level of another variable. |
| casual claim | argues that 1 variable is responsible for changing the other. |
| fence sitting | people are picking the 3 on a scale by playing it safe by answering the middle of the scale. |
| testigee sphylsis study | 1920-1980. population: low income black men infected with sphylsis. They were lied to. Problems: unethical, people were harmed, Belmont report came from this. People were not respected. |
| Belmont report | 3 core principles: respect for people, beneficence, justice. |
| common rule | describes the way in which the 3 Belmont is applied when doing research. |
| IRB | is an administrative body established to protect the rights and welfare of human research subjects recruited to participate in research activities conducted under the auspices of the institution with which it is affiliated. |
| Consent form | A document with important information about a medical procedure or treatment, a clinical trial, or genetic testing. It also includes information on possible risks and benefits. |
| debriefing form | provide research participants with information about the study once the study (or their participation) is completed (or if a participant withdraws) |
| hypothesis | a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation. |
| theory | well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is acquired through the scientific method and repeatedly tested and confirmed, preferably using a written, pre-defined, protocol of observations and experiments. |
Created by:
claire_manna