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Environmental

Study Guide Chapter 16

TermDefinition
Global warming An increase in the Earth's average temperature
Carbon footprint Amount of carbon dioxide emissions for which an individual or group is responsible.
Carbon offset A voluntary payment made by an industry to another industry to reduce carbon emissions for them.
Carbon sequestration Capturing and storing carbon
Carbon tax A fee charged by the government for each unit of greenhouse gases polluters release.
El Nino Change in air pressure, wind, patterns, Ocean temperatures, & circulation in the Pacific Ocean. Fewer hurricanes form in the Atlantic Ocean during El Nino years.
Fossil fuels Carbon-rich fuels that formed millions of years ago from the remains of living things.
Global climate change Changes in many climate traits including temperature, rainfall, wind patterns, & storm frequency.
Greenhouse effect Natural process in which certain gases keep heat near the Earth & prevent it from radiating into space.
Greenhouse gases Atmospheric gases that trap heat near the Earth.
Kyoto Protocol An international agreement to limit greenhouse gas emissions.
Paris Agreement A collection of plans submitted by countries to reducing greenhouse gas emissions & preventing global temperatures from rising more than 2 degrees C over a preindustrial baseline. The US was withdrawn from this agreement in 2017 & again in 2025.
Proxy Indicator Indirect evidence that serves as a substitute for measurement.
Topography Describes the surface characteristics of an area.
How do volcanoes affect the climate? Gases & particles can temporarily block sunlight, causing air to cool.
How do Ocean currents affect global climate? By transporting heat and an increase in dissolved carbon dioxide can carm organisms.
Climate Model Used to make predictions about future climates.
How does vegetation affect the climate? Plant life promotes cloud formation & absorbs carbon dioxide.
How is most electricity produced? Is generated by burning fossil fuels.
Is climate change good for agriculture or bad? Positive: Lengthened growing season for some crops Negative: Droughts & forest fires
Sources of power that can be used to produce electricity: -Electric hybrid vehicles -Vehicles that use alternative fuels like compressed natural gas. -Vehicles that use hydrogen fuel cells
Four factors that affect climate: Topography-higher altitudes have cooler temps; mountain ranges affect rainfall patterns Earth's orbit- Changes in Earth's orbit- & the tilt of it's axis affect the distribution of solar radiation. Volcanoes Vegetation
4 things that show evidence of a warming Earth: -Rising global surface temps -Changes in precipitation patterns -Melting ice -Rising sea level
Problems with Nuclear power used to produce electricity: -Nuclear waste is very expensive & dangerous to expose of -Waste including contaminated water can be active for years and years -Fuel for it is difficult to mine & even more rare than fossil fuels
List ways to reduce electricity use: -Biking -Walking -Use public transportation
What is a carbon footprint? Total amount of greenhouse gases that are generated by our actions, activities, or products.
what is the difference between global climate change & global warming? Global warming is the long term heating of Earth's surface from mainly human cause greenhouse gases, while Climate change is the term for broader term for the widespread shifts in weather.
What is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions? What is second? Electricity is first and transportation is the second largest source of greenhouse gas emissions.
According to studies, increase in __________ is the main cause of climate change. Greenhouse gases
Created by: volleyball09
 

 



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