Central Nervous System

Made up of the brain and spinal cord. It is the body’s main control center that processes information and sends out commands

Peripheral Nervous System

All the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. It connects the CNS to the rest of the body

The long part of a neuron that carries signals away from the cell body to other cells

Branch-like parts of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons

Chemicals that help neurons communicate. Some excite (speed up signals), while others inhibit (slow down signals)

Neuroglia (Glial Cells)

Support cells that protect and help neurons. Examples include astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes

Autonomic Nervous System

Controls involuntary actions like heartbeat, breathing, and digestion. It has two parts:

A long bundle of nerves inside the spine that connects the brain to the body. It acts like a highway for signals.

A protective layer that controls what substances can pass from the blood into the brain

The small gap between neurons where chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) pass signals

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week 14

nerves

Term	Definition
Central Nervous System	Made up of the brain and spinal cord. It is the body’s main control center that processes information and sends out commands
Peripheral Nervous System	All the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. It connects the CNS to the rest of the body
Axon	The long part of a neuron that carries signals away from the cell body to other cells
Dendrites	Branch-like parts of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons
Neurotransmitters	Chemicals that help neurons communicate. Some excite (speed up signals), while others inhibit (slow down signals)
Neuroglia (Glial Cells)	Support cells that protect and help neurons. Examples include astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes
Autonomic Nervous System	Controls involuntary actions like heartbeat, breathing, and digestion. It has two parts:
Spinal Cord	A long bundle of nerves inside the spine that connects the brain to the body. It acts like a highway for signals.
Blood-Brain Barrier	A protective layer that controls what substances can pass from the blood into the brain
Synapse	The small gap between neurons where chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) pass signals

Created by: chaniceb877

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