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Science 5 ch 3 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| system | a set of parts that form a complex whole |
| ecosystem | a limited area where living and nonliving things interact |
| biotic factor | a living thing in an ecosystem |
| abiotic | a nonliving thing in an ecosystem |
| atmosphere | the layer of gases that surrounds a planet |
| bacteria | the smallest living things known |
| individual | a single living member of an ecosystem |
| population | all the organisms of one kind that live in a particular ecosystem |
| community | the population of all the different kinds of organisms that live in a particular ecosystem |
| habitat | the portion of an ecosystem that an organism uses |
| niche | an organism's role or job in an ecosystem |
| producer | an organism such as a plant that makes its own food and gets its own energy directly from the sun |
| consumer | an organism that depends on producers for food; cannot get energy directly from the sun |
| decomposer | an organism that helps break down dead things and waste and returns minerals and nutrients to the soil |
| herbivore | a consumer that eats only plants |
| carnivore | a consumer that eats mostly other animals or products that animals make such as eggs |
| scavenger | an animal that eats waste or remains of things that have already died |
| omnivore | a consumer that eats both plants and animals |
| food chain | the transfer of energy and matter from one organism to another organism |
| predator | any animal that hunts and eats other animals |
| food web | several food chains linked together |
| energy pyramid | a model showing how much energy flows from one organism to another organism |
| competition | two or more organism trying to use the same resources |
| ecologist | a scientist that studies ecosystems |
| adaption | a character of an organism that helps it survive in its ecosystem |
| stomata | the tiny spores in the leaves of plants that allow air and water to move in and out of the plants |
| toxin | a poison |
| nocturnal | active at night |
| migration | the movements of a population from one ecosystem to another |
| hibernation | a deep sleep experienced by some animals during the winter months |
| prey | any animal that is hunted by other animals |
| needs of living things | food, water, protection from predators and shelter |
| adaptation | a characteristic that helps an organism survive in its ecosystem |
| symbiosis | a special partnership in which two kinds of organisms interact with each other over a long period of time |
| parasite | an organism that lives on or inside another organism and takes food from that organism |
| host | the plant or animal that a parasite lives on or in |
| commensalism | an interaction that helps from partner or organism but harms the other |
| mutualism | an interaction that helps both partners or organism |
| parasitism | an interaction that helps one partner or organism but the other partner is not helped or harmed |
| instinct | God-given behavior that an animal is born with |
| learned behavior | behavior that cannot be inherited |
| dominion | the job that God gave to people to manage the world |
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